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path ch 6

pathology ch 6 urinary system

QuestionAnswer
Renal agenesis “solitary kidney”
Hypoplastic kidney appears as a miniature replica of a normal kidney with normal function
Compensatory hypertrophy condition which developes when one kidney is forced to carry out the function of two.
Malrotation of a kidney resembles a pathologic condition but is functionally normal
Ectopic kidney examples include a pelvic kidney and intrathoracic kidney
Crossed ectopia both kidneys lie on the same side of the body
Horseshoe kidney the lower poles of the kidney are attached by connective tissue or normal renal tissue.
Complete fusion produces a single irregular mass
Duplication (duplex kidney) may include a bifid renal pelvis or double pelvis and ureter
Ureterocele may cause a prolapse of the distal ureter into the bladder. Appears as a “cobra head” sign.
Posterior urethral valves thin transverse membranes that cause bladder outlet obstruction
Glomerulonephritis usually occurs several weeks after an acute upper respiratory or middle ear infection.
Pyelonephritis symptoms include fever, chills and sudden back pain spreading to the abdomen
Renal tuberculosis is demonstrated radiographically as coarse, irregular calcifications seen in the kidney ureter and bladder.
Cystitis occurs most commonly in women due to the shorter urethra
Kidney stones most commonly lodge in the lower ureter or UVJ
Urinary tract obstruction in an acute episode the kidney is enlarged and the calyces are dilated
Renal cyst appears as a region of the kidney with a lack of contrast enhancement on CT
Renal carcinoma (hypernephroma) the most common renal neoplasm occurring in patients over 40
Wilms tumor the most common neoplasm of infancy and childhood
Created by: annaluz87
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