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Psych Test 4 (final)
Psychotherapy pg. 682-691 (Lecture 47, Cole)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 2 basic elements that are important to the success of treatment of psychological disroders? | 1. The relationship between the client and the person providing help 2. The therapist's treatment techniques |
| Counselling and clinical psychologists | Typically hold a PhD or PsyD degree. Have received 5+ years of intensive training & supervision in various psychotherapeutic techniques and research. |
| Psychiatrists | Medical doctors who specialize in psychotherapy and biomedical treatments (ex: druge therapy). |
| Name 4 types of professionals other than psychiatrists and psychologists who provide treeatment for psychologcial disorders. | 1. Psychiatric social workers 2. Marriage and family counsellors 3. Pastoral counsellors 4. Abuse counsellors |
| Insight | In psychoanalysis, the conscious awareness of unconscious dynamics that underlie psychological problems. |
| In what way do analysts (psychoanalysis) believe that 'insight' can cure psychological disorders? | The psychic energy that was previously devoted to keeping the unconscious conflict under control can be released and redirected to more adaptive ways of living. |
| Free association | In psychoanalysis, the procedure of verbalizing all thoughts that enter consciousness without censorship. |
| Why is transference considered a most important process in psychoanalysis? | Because it brings out into the open the repressed feelings and maladaptive behaviour patterns that the therapist can point out for the client. |
| Transference | The psychoanalytic phenomenon in which a client responds irrationally to the analyst as if the latter were an important person from the client's past who plays an important role in the client's dynamics. |
| Resistance | Largely unconscious manoeuvres that protect clients from dealing with anxiety-arousing material in therapy. |
| What are the 4 main types of therapy that a psychoanalytic will interpret as treatment of psychologcial disorders? | 1. Free association 2. Dream interpretation 3.Resistance 4. Transference |
| What are the 2 basic forms of transference? | Positive transference and negative transference |
| Positive transference | Occurs when a client transfers feelings of intense affection, dependency, or love to the analyst. |
| Negative transference | Occurs when a client transfers irrational expressions of anger, hatred, or disappointment. |
| Interpretation | In psychoanalysis, a statement made by the analyst that is intended to promote insight in the client (but not too deep, has to be on the surface of the client's realization, otherewise it is not effective). |
| How is clasical psychoanalysis viewed today? | As impractical, time-consuming and costly for the client. The rate of improvement is only highest at the beginning, then decreases over time (often didn't increase after 10 sessions). |
| Interpersonal therapy | A form of brief therapy that focuses on the client's interpersonal problems and seeks to develop new interpersonal skills. |
| Humanistic approached focus on what? | The ability for individuals to self-heal, due to possession of inner resources for personal growth. Disordered behaviour reflects a blocking of the naturl growth process. Focus on self-exploration of client to remove the barriers. |
| What humanistic psychotherapy approach did Rogers develop? Explain it. | Client- centred. Focus on the kind of therapeutic environment for effective self-exploration and personal growth. Therapist should encompass unconditional positive regard,empathy, and genuineness. |
| What are the 3 important and interrelated therapist attributes accordnig to Rogers? | 1. Unconditional positive regard 2. Empathy 3. Genuineness |
| Unconditional positive regard | A communicated attitude of total and unconditional acceptane of another person that conveys the person's intrinsic worth. |
| Empathy | The capacity for experiencing the same emotional response being exhibited by another person; in therapy, the ability of a therapist to view the world through the client's eyes and to understand the client's emotions. |
| Genuineness | The ability of a therapist to honestly express his or her feelings to a client. |
| Gestalt | Perceptual principles through which people actively organize stimulus elements into "whole" patterns (stands for "organized whole"). |
| Who developed Gestalt Therapy? | Fritz Perls |
| What technique of Gestalt Therapy is still effectively used today? Explaint it. | The empty-chair technique. A client is asked to face an empty chair and have a back-and-forth conversation with an individual whose relationship had unresolved issues. Client plays both roles, moving from his/her chair to the empty one to respond. |
| Gestalt Therapy | Developed by Fritz Perls. Variety of imaginative techniques (often carried out in groups) to help clients "get in touch with their inner selves". Methods are active, dramatic, and sometimes confrontational in approach. Ex: Empty-chair technique. |
| What are the 2 main categories of psychodynamic therapies for psychological disorders? Who came up with them? | 1. Psychoanalysis (Freud) 2. Brief psychodynamic theories |
| What are the 2 main humanistic therapies for psychological disorders? Who came up with them? | 1. Client-centred therapy (Rogers) 2. Gestalt therapy (Perls) |
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jarnol33
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