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Pharm chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the routes of drug administration | Enteral, Parental, and Percutaneous |
| percutaneous administration | absorbs through skin or mucous membranes |
| absorption is influenced by? | drug concentration, how long med is in contact with skin, the size of affected area, thickness of skin, hydration of tissue and degree of skin disruption |
| creams are? | semisolid emulsions that contain medicinal agents for external application, non greasy and can be removed with water |
| Lotions | aqueous (water-based) preparations that contain suspended materials |
| Ointments | are semisolid preparations of medicinal substances in an oily base, such as lanolin or petrolatum |
| what are hydrogel dressings used on? | partial-thickness and full-thickness wounds and on skin that has been damaged by burns |
| Patch testing | is a method that is used to identify a patients sensitivity to contact material (allergies) |
| Wheal | redness and swelling, which indicates an allergy to the specific allergen |
| what sites are used for patch testing | the back, arms, or thighs |
| Nitroglycerin ointment (Nitro-Bid) | provides relief of anginal pain for several hours longer than sublingual preparations. |
| Transdermal patch | provides for the controlled release of a prescribed medication through a semipermeable membrane for several hours to 3 weeks when applied to intact skin. |
| Powders | finely ground particles of medication that are contained in a talc base. they generally produce a cooling, drying, or protective effect where applied |
| Sublingual tablets | are designed to be placed under the tongue for dissolution and absorption through the vast network of vessels in the area |
| Buccal tablets are held | between the cheek and lower molar teeth |
| What are the advantages of sublingual and buccal? | rapid absorption and onset of action, the drug passes directly into the systemic circulation, with no immediate pass through to the liver |
| Ophthalmic | medications for use in the eye |
| where on the eye is the medicine placed | the conjunctival sac |
| eardrops | are a solution that contains a dedication that is used for the treatment of localized infection or inflammation of the ear |
| Otic | the ear |
| how are ear drops administered to children under the age of 3 | earlobe is pulled downward and back |
| how are ear drops administered to adults and children over the age of 3 | earlobe is pulled upward and back |
| Aerosols | use a flow of air or oxygen under pressure to disperse the drug throughout the respiratory tract |
| what should not be applied to the respiratory mucosa | Oily preparations, because the oil droplets may be carried to the lungs and cause lipid pneumonia |
| vaginal medications come in the form of | creams, foams, and jellies |
Created by:
Aslaughter
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