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Chapter 1- Myers
Chapter 1; Research Methods and Important people in early psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Current definition of Psychology? | The scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
| What is meant by the "school of thought" in psychology? | Different ways of approaching studies in psychology |
| What event is typically used to represent the "birth of psychology" and why is it considered so significant? | Wilhelm Wundt, 1879, created a machine to measure reachtion time to him a telegraph key after subject heard a ball hit a platform |
| What are some speciality areas of psychology? | Neuroscience, psychodynamic, cognitive, behavioral |
| What makes psychology a science? | Way of asking and answering questions. Science is rooted in observation. Curiosity, skepticism and humility. |
| How would a researcher decided whether to conduct a descriptive or and experimental study? | They would have to determine if they are trying to observe behavior(desc.) or prove a cause and effect (experi.) |
| What conclusions can you draw from a descriptive study? | You can determine behavior and opinions |
| Give an example of a correlation study and explain how the result could potentially be misused | Parent's abusiveness and their children's later abusiveness, shows us the extent to how things relate, DOES NOT SHOW CAUSATION |
| What is a operational definition? | An operationl definition is a statement of procedures used to define research variables |
| Explain behaviorism, who is related to it? | Watson, effects of environment on the overt behavior of humans and animals |
| Explain psychodynamic, who is related to it? | Freud, the unconscious determinants drive behavior. |
| Explain humanism, who is related to it? | Rogers and Maslow, unique aspects of human experience, people are mostly good. |
| Explain cognitive psychology | the study of mental processes |
| Explain biological psychology | Physiological bases of bahvior in humans and animals |
| Explain socio-cultural psychology | how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures |
| What is naturalistic observation? | observing and recording behavior in naturally occuring situations without trying to manipulate or control the situation |
| What is a case study? | Examines one individual in great depth in hopes of revealing things true to all of us. |
| What is a survey? | looks at many cases in depth |
| What is a correlation study? | Measures the extent of how two factors vary with each other |
| What is the independent variable? | Experimental factor that is being manipulated, experimental group |
| What is the dependent variable? | The outcome factor, the variable that may change in response to manipulation |
| What is the experimental group? | The group in the experiment that is exposed to the treatment, independent variable. |
| What is the control group? | Contrasts witht eh experimental condition and services as a comparison for evaluation of the effect of the treatment. |
| Who is Wilhelm Wundt? What did he do? | Known as the "father" of psychology, conducted first psychology experiment in German university in 1879, measured reaction time to hit telegraph key after hearing a ball hit a platform. |
| Who is John Watson? What did he do? | Deveopled Behaviorism, defined psychology "the study of observable behavior" *Later changed* |
| Who is Sigmund Freud? What did he do? | Freudian psychology, unconscious sexual conflicts. Introduced the unconscious |
| Who is Carl Rogers? What did he do? | Humanistic psychology, developed Humanism, potential of healthy people and the individuals's potental for personal growth |
Created by:
ssteinberg
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