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Graded Exam #1
Topics 1 - 3 (Basics of Pharm, Factors Affecting Drug Actions, Dosage Calc)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statement is true of a drug? a. The effects produced by a drug are always desirable. b. The properties of a drug do not influence the effects it produces. c. A drug does not produce more than one effect. d. A pure drug is a chemical compound with a specific chemical structure. | d. A pure drug is a chemical compound with a specific chemical structure. |
| Consider a graded dose response curve plotted for a drug. Toward which direction would the dose-response curve shift if the curve were platted for a more potent drug? a. Up b. Down c. Left d. Right | c. Left |
| Drugs that bind to a specific receptors and produce a drug action are called_____________. a. repressors b. antagonists c. agonists d. modulators | c. agonists |
| Identify an accurate statement about the dose-response relationship. a. A drug response is inversely proportional to the dose. b. The magnitude of a drug response decreases with an increase in its dose. c. Drugs that continue to show an increase in drug response with an increase in dosage have a ceiling effect. d. Above a certain dosage no further increase in effect is observed. | d. Above a certain dosage no further increase in effect is observed. |
| Three medications have the following therapeutic index values: 2, 4, and 0.5, Which medication is the safest? a. The medication with the therapeutic index value of 0.5 b. The medication with the therapeutic index value of 2 c. The medication with the therapeutic index value of 4 d. None of these medications | c. The medication with the therapeutic index value of 4 |
| Maria has a severe case of cold & cough. Dr. prescribes a cough syrup & cetirizine tablets. A few days later, she calls & says the medication makes her feel drowsy. How is Dr. most likely to respond? a. Ask her to start taking a different dosage of cetirizine. b. Advise her to bear with the effects in order to benefit from its therapeutic actions. c. Advise her to stop taking the tablets immediately & visit the clinic for another exam. d. Ask her stop taking the drug & administer an antitdote. | b. Advise her to bear with the effects in order to benefit from its therapeutic actions. |
| The context of the drug schedules defined in the Federal Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention & Control Act, identify an accurate statement about Schedule I drugs. a. These drugs are prescribed by physicians for a narrow range of medical conditions. b. These drugs have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use. c. This category of drugs includes narcotics such as morphine and pure codeine. d. These drugs have a very low potential for abuse and are widely used in medical treatment. | b. These drugs have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use. |
| The processes of drug absorption, drug distribution, drug metabolism, and drug excretion are the components of the study known as ____________________. a. synergism b. Pharmakokinetics c. bioavailability d. enzyme induction | b. Pharmakokinetics |
| Which of the following routes of drug administration has the slowest onset of action? a. Inhalation b. Transdermal c. Intramuscular d. Sublingual | b. Transdermal |
| A patient presents with symptoms of malaria & the physician prescribes a basic drug to treat the patient. The patient skips a dose & tries to compensate the next time by consuming more than the recommended dosage. This leads to drug overdose. How should this drug toxicity be treated? a. Urine must be alkalinized. b. Urine must be acidified. c. An alternative drug must be prescribed to treat malaria. d. An alternative drug, preferably an acidic drug, must be prescribed to treat malaria. | b. Urine must be acidified. |
| Suzan has sunburns on her arms and legs. Although not severe, the burns cause discomfort. She applies a moisturizing cream that contains aloe vera extracts. In this scenerio, the route of administration is _______. a. intravenous b. topical c. oral d. sublingual | b. topical |
| Select the most appropriate reason why a patient with cirrhosis of the liver may not get the therapeutic response expected from the medication that she is taking. a. The patient's ability to absorb the drugs is impaired. b. The patient's ability to distribute drugs throughout the body is impaired. c. The patient's ability to metabolize drugs is impaired. d. The patient's ability to maintain bioavailability of drugs is impaired. | c. The patient's ability to metabolize drugs is impaired. |
| Select the appropriate statement you will use when explaining synergism to a patient. a. Drugs may increase each other's effects to the equivalent of the sum of their individual effects. b. Drugs may increase each other's effect to an amount that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. c. Drugs may cancel each other's effect or lead to a response that is less than the sum of their individual effects. d. None of these statements are correct. | b. Drugs may increase each other's effect to an amount that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. |
| Select the most likely reason a patient with end-stage renal disease must have routine blood work drawn to check his plasma levels of a drug. a. The patient will be unable to effectively eliminate the drug , causing accumulation of the drug in the plasma. b. The patient will be unable to effectively metabolize the drug, causing low levels of the drug in the plasma. c. The patient will be unable to effectively absorb the drug, causing low levels of the drug in the plasma. d. None of the above. | a. The patient will be unable to effectively eliminate the drug , causing accumulation of the drug in the plasma. |
| The term used to describe the situation that involves multiple drug prescriptions is _____. a. pharmacotherapy b. polypharmacy c. therapeutic duplication d. monotherapy | b. polypharmacy |
| Ken, a 60 year-old, has been taking daily doses of certain fat-soluble drugs. Identify the accurate statement about how these drugs will get distributed in Ken's body. a. Most of the drugs will dissolve into the body fluids. b. The drugs will be distributed to the body organs that have a high content of adipose tissue. c. The drugs will be directly diverted to the liver and kidneys. d. Most of the drugs will dissolve into the blood plasma. | b. The drugs will be distributed to the body organs that have a high content of adipose tissue. |
| A patient having multiple chronic diseases can expect: a. an increase in the consequences of a drug's action. b. a decrease in the consequences of a drug's action. c. No change in the consequences of a drug's action. d. all of these. | a. an increase in the consequences of a drug's action. |
| One way to improve compliance for a patient with arthritis would be to: a. encourage the patient to take medication on an empty stomach. b. suggest not using child safety caps on the medication bottles. encourage the patient to read medication information literature. d. allow the patient to identify the drugs he requires on his own. | b. suggest not using child safety caps on the medication bottles. |
| Which if the following would most likely be a chief complaint from elderly patients taking omeprazole capsules? a. Dosing frequency b. Dietary restrictions c. Difficulty swallowing d. Small size | c. Difficulty swallowing |
| Use the recommended dose of 10 mcg/kg to calculate the loading dose of digoxin for a patient weighing 143 pounds. a. 600 mcg b 625 mcg c. 650 mcg d. 675 mcg | c. 650 mcg 143 lbs/2.2 = 65 kg x 10mcg = 650 mcg |
| A drug order contains 500 mg of a drug to be administered every day. The drug is available as 200-mg tablets. How many tablets should be administered per day? a. 1 tablet b. 2 tablets c. 2.5 tablets d. 3.45 tablets | c. 2.5 tablets |
| A child is 5 years old and weighs 40 pounds. Use Clark's Rule to determine the necessary dose of a drug routinely ordered for adults as 300 mg. a. 50 mg b. 60 mg c. 70 mg d. 80 mg | d. 80 mg 40 lbs/150lbs x 300 mg = 80 mg |
| Match the set of examples to the definition of a numerator. a. The 13 in 13.14, 33 in 33.58, and 21 in 21.92 b. The 5 in 2:5, 4in 1:4, and 8 in 5:8 c. The 1 in 1/4, 4 in 4/11, and 5 in 5/25 d. All of these. | c. The 1 in 1/4, 4 in 4/11, and 5 in 5/25 |
| Select the amount of drug that should be administered to a patient in order for the patient to receive 90 mg of meperidine (Demerol). The meperidine is to be administered intramuscularly (IM). Demerol is supplied as a 5% solution (W/V). a. IV drug solutions must be free of contamination b. IV drug solutions must constitute drugs and solutions that are clinically compatible. c. IV drug solutions must be adjusted to target a pH range. d. All of these. | d. All of these. |
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jdouglas147
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