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Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Arthrology | study of joints |
| Angio | Vessel |
| Antegrade | with the flow |
| Anuria | Absence of urine |
| Aneurysm AAA | abnormal widening of the blood vessel |
| Ascites | Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
| Appendicities | inflammation of the appendix |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) | enlargement of the prostate |
| Bezoar | mass in the stomach formed by material that does not pass into the intestine |
| Boxer's fracture | fracture to the neck of the metacarpal (typically the 5th metacarapal) |
| Calculus | abnormal conretion of mineral salts, often called a stone |
| Cholecystography | Radiographic study of gallbladder |
| cholangiography | radiographic examination of the bile ducts with contrast medium |
| chole | bile or biliary system |
| Cholecystitis | inflammation of the gall bladder |
| Cholelithiasis | stones in the gallbladder or the common bile duct |
| Choleliths | gallstones (made from cholesterol or calcium) |
| colitis | inflammation of the colon |
| colles fracture | fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement |
| cyanosis | bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membrane due to deficient oxygenation of the blood |
| cyst/o | bladder, urinary bladder |
| cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| cysto | sack or bladder |
| blouts | bow legs |
| chyme | substance that has been broken down by the stomach and is sent to the duodenum |
| cystography | radiography of the bladder following injection of a radiopaque substance |
| cystoscopy | is a diagnostic procedure that is used to look at the bladder |
| cystourethrography | radiography of the urinary bladder and urethra |
| deglutition | the act of swallowing |
| diverticulum | pouch created by herniation of the mucous membrane through the muscular coat |
| dyspnea | shortness of breath |
| enteritis | intestinal inflammation |
| esophageal varices | enlarged tortuous veins of lower esophagus, resulting from portal hypertension |
| Fistula | abnormal connection between 2 internal organs or between an organ and the body surface (abnormal pathway) |
| gastritis | inflammation of lining of the stomach |
| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine |
| Hematuria (gross vs. microscopic) | the presence of blood in the urine |
| hiatal hernia | protrusion of the stomach contents into the esophagus (through the esophagus hiatus) |
| hydronephrosis | distension of the renal pelvis and calyces with urine (excessive fluid in the kidney) |
| hydronephrosis | swelling of the kidneys when urine flow is obstructed in any part of the urinary tract |
| ileus | obstruction of the intestines |
| incontinence | involuntary urination |
| intussusception | prolapse of a portion of the bowel into the lumen of an adjacent part (telescoping into itself) |
| laryngeal edema | usually resulting from an allergic reaction and causing airway obstruction unless treated |
| Litho | stone |
| Jones fraction | occurs at the 5th metatarsal |
| gout | arthritis in which uric acid is deposited in joints |
| Mastication | the act of chewing |
| Metastases | spread of cancer from one site to another |
| Micturition | act of voiding (250 cc) |
| Modified Lithotomy position | used in a retrograde urography |
| Neoplasm | new growth |
| Nephr/o | kidney |
| Nephron | the structural and functional unit of the kidney, numbering about a million in the renal parenchyma, each being capable of forming urine |
| Nephroptosis | prolapse of the kidney (downward displacement or dropping) |
| Nephrotomography | radiologic visualization of the kidney |
| Neurogenic bladder | dysfunction that results from interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination (bladder that has lost neurons on inner lining--can't urinate) |
| Nocturia | excessive urination at night |
| Osteopetrosis | increased density of bone |
| Osteoporosis | loss of bone density (decrease technique) |
| Parenchyma | functional unit |
| Polycystic kidney | massive enlargement of the kidney with the formation of many cysts (sacs) |
| Polyp | growth or mass protruding from a mucous memebrane |
| Pyel/o | pelvis, renal pelvis |
| Pyelography | radiologic study of the kidney, ureters, and usually the bladder |
| Pyelonephritis | inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis |
| Pyloric stenosis | narrowing of pyloric canal causing obstruction |
| Ren/o | kidney |
| Renal calculi | kidney stone |
| Renal hypertension | increase blood pressure to the kidneys |
| Osgood Schlatter | pulling away of tibial tuberosity |
| Renal obstruction | condition preventing normal flow of urine through the urinary system |
| Retrograde | against the flow |
| Sinus tract | a narrow, elongated channel in the body that allows the escape of fluid |
| Staghorn Calculi | branched stones that fill all or part of the pelvis and branch into several or all calyces |
| Stenosis | narrowing or contraction of a passage |
| Stoma | opening in the body |
| Ur/o | urine, urinary sysem |
| Uremia | An excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood |
| Ureter/o | ureter |
| Ureterocystoscope | A cystoscope combined with an ureteral catheter |
| Urethr/o | urethra |
| Urography | radiography of any part of the urinary tract |
| Urticaria | hives |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| Vesicoureteral reflux | backward flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters |
| Volvulus | twisting of a bowel loop on itself |
| Zenker's diverticulum | diverticulum located just above the cardiac portion of the stomach |
| Kyphosis | abnormal increase in the thoracic curve |
| Lordosis | abnormal increase in lumbar or cervical |
| Scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature--may develop a compensatory curve to compensate |
| Clay shovelers fracture | avulsion fracture of the spinous process in the lower cervical and upper thoracic region (C7) |
| Spina Bifida | failure of the posterior encasement of the spinal cord to close |
| Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) | slipped disk |
| Spondylolistesis | forward displacement of a vertebra over a lower vertebra, usually L5-S1 |
| Sublaxation | incomplete or partial dislocation |
| Pneumoperitoneum | free air in the peritoneal cavity |
| Pneumothorax | air in pleural cavity |
| Atelectasis | collapsed lung |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | a chronic condition of persistent obstruction of bronchial airflow |
| Cystic fibrosis | disorder associated with widespread dyfunction of the exocrine glands, abnormal secretion of sweat & saliva, accumulation of thick mucus in the lungs |
| Emphysema | over inflation of alveolar "barrel chest" |
| Pleural Effusion | collection of fluid in the pleural cavity |
| Pneumonia | acute infection in the lung parenchyma |
| Situs inversus | all internal organs on opposite side |
| dexrocardia | heart is on the opposite side |
| Hemothorax | blood or fluid in pleural cavity |
| C1 | Mastoid tip |
| C2, C3 | Gonion (angle of mandible) |
| C3, C4 | Hyoid bone |
| C5 | Thyroid cartilage |
| C7, T1 | Vertebra prominens |
| T1 | Approx. 2 inches above level of jugular notch |
| T2, T3 | level of jugular notch |
| T4, T5 | level of sternal angle |
| T7 | level of inferior angles of scapulae |
| T9, T10 | level xiphoid process |
| L2, L3 | inferior costal margin |
| L4, L5 | level of superiormost aspect of iliac crest |
| S1, S2 | level of ASIS (anterior superior iliac crest) |
| Coccyx | level of pubic symphysis and greater trochanters |
Created by:
mandy91lou
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