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FOT:S&S-vocab
words/phrases Schools & Society
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| accountability | The process of requiring students to demonstrate understanding of the topics they study as measured by standardized tests, as well as holding educators at all levels responsible for students’ performance. |
| assessment | How student understanding is measured |
| curriculum | The knowledge and skills that teachers teach and students are supposed to learn. |
| extrinsic rewards | Rewards that come from outside oneself, such as job security and vacations. |
| intrinsic rewards | Rewards that come from within oneself and are personally satisfying for emotional or intellectual reasons. |
| merit pay | A supplement to a teacher’s base salary intended to reward superior performance or work in a highneed area. |
| professionalism | An occupation characterized by a specialized body of knowledge with emphasis on autonomy, decision making, reflection, and ethical standards for conduct. |
| reflection | The process of teachers’ thinking about and analyzing their work to assess its effectiveness. |
| reforms | Suggested changes in teaching and teacher preparation intended to increase the amount students learn. |
| standards | Statements specifying what students should know and what skills they should have upon completing an area of study. |
| decision-making | Problem solving in ill-defined situations, based on professional knowledge. |
| portfolio | A collection of representative work materials to document developing knowledge and skills. |
| ethics | Sets of moral standards for acceptable professional behavior. |
| technician | A person who uses specific skills to complete well-defined tasks. |
| professional portfolio | A professional's collection of representative work materials to document developing knowledge and skills. |
| normal schools | Two-year institutions developed in the early 1800s to prepare prospective elementary teachers. |
| academy | A secondary school that focused on the practical needs of colonial America as a growing nation. |
| assimilation | A process of socializing people so that they adopt dominant social norms and patterns of behavior. |
| character education | A curriculum approach to developing student morality suggesting that moral values and positive character traits, such as honesty and citizenship, should be emphasized, taught, and rewarded. |
| common school movement | A historical attempt to make education available to all children in the United States. |
| compensatory education programs | Government attempts to create more equal educational opportunities for disadvantaged youth. |
| comprehensive high school | A secondary school that attempts to meet the needs of all students by housing them together and providing curricular options (e.g., vocational or college-preparatory programs) geared toward a variety of student ability levels and interests. |
| English classical school | A free secondary school designed to meet the needs of boys not planning to attend college. |
| Head Start | A federal compensatory education program designed to help 3- to 5-year-old disadvantaged children enter school ready to learn. |
| Junior High Schools | Schools that were originally designed in the early 1900s to provide a unique academic curriculum for early adolescent youth. |
| Latin Grammar Schools | A college-preparatory school originally designed to help boys prepare for the ministry or, later, for a career in law. |
| magnet schools | Public schools that provide innovative or specialized programs that attempt to attract students from all parts of a district. |
| middle schools | Schools, typically for grades 6–8, specifically designed to help students through the rapid social, emotional, and intellectual changes characteristic of early adolescence. |
| Old Deluder Satan Act | Early colonial law designed to create scripture-literate citizens who would thwart Satan’s trickery. |
| progressivism | An educational philosophy emphasizing curricula that focus on real-world problem solving and individual development. |
| separate but equal | A policy of segregating minorities in education, transportation, housing, and other areas of public life if opportunities and facilities were considered equal to those of nonminorities-evidenced by separate schools with different curricula and resources. |
| Title 1 | A federal compensatory education program that funds supplemental education services for low-income students in elementary and secondary schools. |
| Vouchers | A check or written document that parents can use to purchase educational services. |
| War on Poverty | A general term for federal programs designed to eradicate poverty during the 1960s. |
Created by:
jstatkus
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