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Manicure Terminology

Cosmetology - Nail Care - Manicuring Terminology

TermDefinition
Phalanges Also known as Digits, are the bones of the fingers or toes
Alcohol Extremely flammable, colorless liquid that evaporates quickly
Manicure Cosmetic service for the care of the hands, which includes skin & nail care, cosmetic treatments & procedures, polishing techniques & artificial nail applications
Base Coat Provides a colorless, uniform, adherent surface that protects the natural nail from stains that are sometimes caused by polish
Cuticle The small portion of non-living epidermis extending around the base of the nail
Wooden Pusher Used to gently remove cuticle tissue away from the nail plate & clean under the free edge; made from orangewood, rosewood, or other hardwoods; disposable alternatives for pushing back cuticles
Curing Also known as Polymerization, is the chemical reaction that causes hardening
Sodium Hypochlorite Commonly known as bleach
Healthy Nails Translucent, slightly pink, smooth, curved, is without ridges or wavy lines, & is free from disease
Activator A catalyst to help quicken the drying time of the nail wrap resin
Onychia Inflammation of the nail matrix
Onychorrhexis Abnormal brittleness of the nail plate
Polymer A concentrate or powder made up of acrylic powder that when mixed with a monomer forms a nail enhancement
Fabric Wraps Very thin & tightly woven materials, such as linen, silk, or fiberglass that are used to strengthen the natural nail or are applied over nail tips
Inhibition Layer The tacky, film-like layer that forms on the top of the nail enhancement
Onycholysis Loosening or separation, without shedding, of the nail plate from the nail bed
Stress Area Edge of the nail tip below the contact area that is the most valuable area, accepting everyday wear and tear
Ridge Overlay Also called, Ridge Filler, is applied under nail color, filling and sealing any ridges and hollows of the nail, resulting in a smooth nail surface,
Hyponychium Skin between the free edge & fingertip of the natural nail
Metal Pusher Used to gently scrape the cuticle from the natural nail; they are made of stainless steel & can be disinfected & reused
Remove Polish There are 2 types of solutions - Acetone & Non-acetone. Acetone solution is used to dissolve nail polish & remove nail enhancements from nail. Non-acetone solutions are used to remove nail polish from artificial nail enhancements without dissolving the nail enhancement
Onychomycosis Also known as Athlete's Foot, is a fungal infection that can occur on the bottom of the feet, as well as, between the toes, which can spread to the toenails
Position Stop Edge of the well that bumps up against the free edge of the natural nail
Effleurage Massage manipulation that produces light, gliding, stroking, or circular movements
Primer Liquid solution, containing methacrylic acid that is applied sparingly to the natural nail plate prior to acrylic product application to assist in adhesion of the enhancement
Onychosis General term for any nail disease or deformity
Quaternary Ammonium Compound Also known as Quats, is a standard name for disinfectants
Paraffin Wax A Petroleum byproduct that helps to seal & hold moisture in the skin
Paronychia Bacterial inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate
Ethyl Methacrylate Type of monomer that is a base material used in resins, solvents, coatings & adhesives
Onychocryptosis Ingrown Nail
Top Coat A colorless sealant applied over polish to add a shiny protective layer which will prevent chipping, peeling & fading
Leukonychia Also known as White Spots, whitish discoloration of the nails caused by injury
Tip Cutters Specially designed to cut the nail tip with little stress to the ABS plastic nail
Tinea Pedis Also known as Athlete's Foot, is a fungal infection that can occur on the bottom of the feet, as well as, between the toes, which can spread to the toenails
100 to 180 Abrasive Low Grit, quickly reduces the thickness and/or surface of a nail enhancement
Monomer Liquid that mixes with acrylic powder & binds the acrylic polymers to form a nail enhancement
Gel Polish Nail polish that has an added component that is soft & sticky & needs to be exposed to Ultraviolet light from a UV lamp to make it set & harden or cure
Athlete's Foot Also known as Tinea Pedis, is a fungal infection that can occur on the bottom of the feet, as well as, between the toes, which can spread to the toenails
Square nails Provide great support & strength between the width of the nail comprises the entire free edge
Nail Dehydrator A Liquid Solution applied first to the natural nail to help eliminate moisture, which will ensure proper adhesion of a nail enhancement
Nail Rasp Metal tool that has a grooved edge, this tool is typically used for pedicures to smooth & file the free edge
Nail Wrap Resin Used to adhere the fabric wrap to the natural nail or nail tip
How often do we sanitize manicuring implements? Immediately after each guest
Onyx Technical Term For Nails
Nail Plate Translucent Portion of the Nail, extending from the nail root to the free edge; sometimes referred to as the nail body
Free Edge Part of the nail plate that extends beyond the fingertip
Nail Bed Portion of the skin that the nail plate rests upon as it grows out
Bed Epithelium Thin layer of skin cells between the nail bed & the nail plate
Lunula Whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail
Matrix Part of the nail bed that extends below the nail root and helps to produce the nail plate
Nail Folds Folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail plate
Nail Sidewall Also known as the Lateral Nail Fold, is the piece of skin that overlaps onto the side of the nail
Nail Grooves Slits or Grooves on the sides of the nail that allow growth
Eponychium Living skin at the base of the nail plate that partially overlaps the lunula
Perionychium Additional or excessive skin that overlaps onto the sides of the nail plate
Agnail Also known as Hangnail, is the split cuticle around the nail
Bruised Nail Dark purplish discoloration under the nail caused by trauma
Eggshell Nail Noticeably thin, white nail plate that is more flexible than normal
Melanonychia Darkening of the nails caused by excess melanin; may be in a band or stripe
Nail Psoriasis Noninfectious condition that affects the surface of the natural nail; nail will appear pitted and/or have roughness on the surface
Nail Pterygium Forward growth of living skin that adheres to the surface of the nail plate
Onychophagy Bitten nails
Ridge Also known as Furrow or Corrugation, is a vertical or horizontal indentation running the length or width of the nail plate
Lungs Spongy, respiratory organs responsible for inhaling & exhaling
Phenol Strong high pH disinfectant
Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Disinfectant based on a stabilized hydrogen peroxide that is non-toxic to the skin & environment; this type of disinfectant only needs to be changed every 14 days
Humerus Largest bone in the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow
Ulna Inner & larger bone on the outside of the forearm; located on the pinky side
Radius Outer & smaller bone on the inside of the forearm; located on the thumb side
Carpals Eight bones that form the wrist
Metacarpals Five long, thin bones between the wrist & fingers, forming the palm of the hand
Pronator Muscles Turns the forearm & hand inward so the palm faces downward
Supinator Muscle Turns the forearm & hand outward so the palm faces upward
Flexor Muscle Bends a joint
Extensor Muscles Aids in the straightening of a joint
Abductor Muscles Spread the fingers or toes
Adductor Muscles Pull the fingers or toes together
Opponens Muscles Group of Adductor muscles located in the palm that pulls the thumb toward the fingers
Microtrauma Causing small unseen openings in the skin that allow for the entry of pathogens
Reflexology Based on the use of reflex points located throughout the hands, feet, & head that are linked to other parts of the body
Femur Long bone extending from the hip to the knee, also known as the thigh bone
Patella Technical term for the kneecap
Tibia Also known as the Shin Bone, is the largest of the two bones below the knee that form the lower leg
Fibula Bone forming the outer part of the lower leg, extending from the knee to the ankle
Tarsal Seven bones that form the ankle
Metatarsal Five long, slender bones located between the ankles & the toes
Gastrocnemius Muscle located in the calf that pulls the foot down; attached to the lower portion of the heel
Tibialis Anterior Muscle that covers the shin & bends the foot
Soleus Muscle that is attached to the lower heel & bends the foot
Peroneus Longus Longer of the two muscles responsible for rotating the foot down & out
Peroneus Brevis Shorter of the two muscles responsible for rotating the foot down & out
Tibialis Posterior Muscle that helps the foot flex inward
Flexor Digiti Minimi Muscle that controls the little toe
Pedicure Cosmetic care of the toenails & feet
Digital Nerve Nerves located in the fingers & toes
Median Nerve Smallest of the three arm & hand nerves; runs along the mid forearm & extends into the hands
Radial Nerve Nerve that runs along the thumb side of the arm & the back of the hand
Ulnar Nerve Nerve that runs along the little finger side of the arm & the back of the hand
Radial Artery Supplies blood to the thumb side of the arm & the back of the hand
Ulnar Artery Supplies blood to the little finger side of the arm & the palm of the hand
Initiators Substances that begin the process that starts the chain reaction, leading to very long polymer chains being created
Polymerization The chemical reaction, also known as Curing or Hardening, that creates polymers
Cyanoacrylates Specialized acrylic monomers that quickly polymerize with the addition of alcohol, water or any weak alkaline product to form an adhesive
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) A high quality virgin plastic, used to manufacture nail tips
Overlay Any fabric wrap, UV cured gel or acrylic/sculptured nail that is applied to enhance and/or strengthen the natural nail
Oligomers Short polymer chains that consist of just a few monomers, creating a thickened resin or a 'gel-like' substance
Urethane Acrylate Main ingredient used to create UV gel nail enhancements
Urethane Methacrylate Main ingredient used to create UV gel nail enhancements
Photoinitiators The chemical that begins the polymerization process in gel nails
Created by: goofeejules
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