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Solutions Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Solute | The substance being dissolved. Usually the smaller amount |
| Sovlent | The substance that dissolves the solute. Usually the larger amount. |
| homogeneous mixture | a mixture where one substance is evenly spread, usually a solution |
| Rate of Dissolving | How fast a solute will dissolve in a solvent |
| Ways to increase the rate of dissolving | 1) Crushing (increase surface area) 2) Stirring/shaking (agitation) 3) Heating |
| The amount of solute that will dissolve in a certain solvent at a certain temperature (usually in grams) | Solubility |
| The amount of solute compared to the whole solution | Concentration |
| To lower the concentration | Dilute |
| Effect of temperature on solubility for solids/liquids dissolved into liquids | Higher temperature increases solubility |
| Effect of temperature on solubility for gases dissolved into liquids | Higher temperature decreases solubility |
| Factors that affect the solubility of gases into liquids | Temperature and pressure |
| Factors that affect the solubility of solids/liquids into liquids | Temperature |
| Universal Solvent | Water |
| General rule for determining if a solute is soluble | Like dissolves like |
| 2 types of compounds that will dissolve in water | 1) Ionic 2) Polar Covalent |
| What type of solvent is water? | Polar |
| A solution that has dissolved the maximum amount of solute possible at a specific temperature | Saturated solution |
| A solution that can still dissolve more solute at a temperature | Unsaturated solution |
| Characteristics of a solution | allows light to pass through without scattering cannot be separated with a filter will not separate on its own solute is invisible |
| A solution that has more solute dissolved in it than it normally would be able to hold at a certain temperature | supersaturated solution |
| a mixture similar to a solution with the largest pieces that will settle and separate over time | a suspension |
| a mixture similar to a solution with medium sized particles that will not separate, but scatters light (Tyndall Effect) | a colloid |
| A graph showing the saturation point for a substance in water at different temperatures | solubility curve |
| A solution that releases Hydrogen ions in water | Acid |
| A solution that releases Hydroxide ions in water | Bases |
| Adjective often used to describe bases | alkaline |
| Sour Taste Corrosive Reactions with Metals Turns Blue litmus paper Red | Acids |
| Bitter Taste Corrosive Slippery Doesn't react with metals Turns Red litmus Paper Blue | Base |
| Substance that reacts (usually by changing color) in the presence of an acid or base | Indicator |
| Reaction that occurs when acids and bases are mixed | Neutralization |
| Type of substance often formed when acids and bases are mixed | salts |
| Scale used to measure the strength of acids and bases | pH |
| Neutral number on the pH scale | 7 |
| Range of numbers on pH scale that indicate acids | 0-6 |
| Range of numbers on pH scale that indicate bases | 8-14 |
| Vitamin C, Lemons, Vinegar, Some batteries, stomach | Acids |
| Soaps, cleaning products (including drain cleaner), chalk, baking soda, blood | Bases |
| Substance that can conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to the presence of ions | Electrolyte |
| purple cabbage juice, litmus paper, methyl orange | Indicators |
Created by:
jaredlovering
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