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Neuro final

Neuro final

TermDefinition
Anterior cerebral artery Supplies: superior border of frontal & parietal lobes Deficits: contralateral weakness & sensory loss, mostly LE, incontinence, aphasia, apraxia
Middle cerebral artery Supplies: surface of cerebral hemispheres and DEEP frontal & parietal Deficits: contralateral sensory loss & weakness face & UE Homonymous Hemianopia Most common stroke
Vertebrobasilar Supplies: brain stem & cerebellum Deficits: cranial nerve involvement Diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, deafness, ataxia, equilibrium, locked in syndrome
Posterior cerebral artery Contralateral sensory loss, memory loss, Homonymous Hemianopia, cortical blindness
Spinothalmic tract Pain & temperature
Cerebral deficits Contralateral
Cerebellum imparments Ipsilateral impairment, Fine tuning movement, RAM, Posture & balance
Clonus When put on stretch limb bounces, count #, UMN sign
Decorticate Flexed UE, Extended LE
Decerebrate Extended UE & LE
Hypertonia UMN, Increased tone, Spasticity, Pain increases spasticity
Hypotonia LMN, Floppy
Berg Elderly & CVA, <45 elev fall risk , <37 100% community fall risk, <=29 AD recommended
Tinetti Balance & Gait, Max score 28, <19 high fall risk
TUG CVA & Parkinson's, 30 sec impaired functional mobility, 20-30 grey area may add AD
Vestibulospinal tract Ipsilateral gross postural adjustments, Facilitates extension, Inhibits flexion, If damaged- DECORTICATE
Rubrospinal Originates in red nucleus, Innervates UE, Facilitates flexor, Postural adjustments , If damaged: DECEREBRATE
Anterior corticospinal tract & Lateral corticospinal tract Ipsilateral movement anterior, Contralateral lateral, Controlled skilled movements of extremities, BABINSKI sign indicator of damage
Glasgow coma scale 13-15 mild, 9-12 mod, <9 severe (coma)
Anterior cord syndrome Ventral corticospinal (lose motor), spinothalmic (lose pain & temp), not good functional prognosis
Central cord syndrome Most common of incompletely, more severe UE involvement b/c cervical tracts centrally located, spinothalmic, corticospinal & dorsal columns, some sensory- more motor
Cauda Equina syndrome LMN injury, "SPINE" saddle anesthesia, pain LE, incontinence, numbness, emergency decompression
Charcots triad of MS intention tremor, scanning speech, nystagmus
Multiple Sclerosis progressive, UMN, demyelinating, sclerotic plaques of myelin junking up brain and spinal cord, women more than men, repeat progressive attacks, autoimmune
s/s multiple sclerosis dysarthria (slurred speech), dysmetria, postural tremors, intention tremors, dysphagia (trouble swallowing)
Medication for spasticity baclofen
factors to keep in mind while treating MS heat sensitivity, fatigue, symptom management, fall risk,
ALS- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis UMN & LMN, men more than women, chronic and degenerative, does not affect cognition, fatal 3-5 years
s/s ALS LMN part: weakness, heavy headed, asymmetric, atrophy, fatigue, random spontaneous twitching. UMN part: spasticity, hyperflexia, clonus, pathological reflexes
Stages of ALS early- trouble ADL's middle- atrophy, WC for distances late- total dependence death from respiratory failure
Created by: Dannihodsdon
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