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Diuretics

Pharmacology and the Nursing Process

QuestionAnswer
The three potassium-sparing diuretics? spironolactone (Aldactone) amiloride triamterene
MOA of k-sparing diuretic works by blocking aldosterone receptors; decreases resorption of Na/H2O & increases K
Therapeutic uses for k-sparing diuretics? CHF; reverse K loss; hyper-aldosteronism
SE of k-sparing diuretic? hyperkalemia; HA; dizziness, cramps, N/V/D
Contraindications of k-sparing diuretic ACE inhibitors: increases K (hyperkalemia)
drugs that accelerate urine formation diuretic
Example of osmotic diuretics mannitol (Osmitrol) also prototype
special factors associated with mannitol? administered IV by filter; crystalizes w/ low temp.
MOA of osmotic diuretic remove Na/H2O; increases osmotic pressure of glomerular filtrate, pulls water into renal tubules
Indications of osmotic diuretics renal failure; decreases ICP and intraoculuar pressure
osmotic diuretics considered tx for? cerebral edema and head trauma
off label uses for spironolactone gynecomastia; amenorrhea; irregular menses; postmenopausal bleeding
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor example? acetazolamide
therapeutic uses for carbonic anhydrase inhibitor? open angle glaucoma; heart failure edema that hasn't responded to other diuretics; high altitude sickness
Created by: spham
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