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psych U7M35

solving problems and decision making

QuestionAnswer
algorithms a methodical rule that guarantees solving a problem
hueristics a simple thinking strategy that we use to make judgements and solve problems
difference between algorithms and hueristics in unscrambling a word, an algorithm would try to put each letter in each of the positions--would could take hundred thousands of tries. a hueristic would use common sense--these 2 words usually go together
difference reduction
means-end analysis
insight sudden realization of a problem's solution (contrast w/strategic solutions)
incubation
confirmation bias tendency to find info that supports your preconceptions and ignore contradictory evidence
ex of confirmation of bias when your belief is supported by a source, it is deemed as "valuable and knowledgeable". when it is contradicted it is called "lying"
mental set the tendency to approach a problem with the mindset of what worked before
function fixedness
availability heuristic estimating the likelihood of events based on our preconception of availbility
representative hueristic judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to match our prototypes. Leads us to ignore logical info
ex of availability hueristic ppl not concerned about global warming bec it is not vivid in our memories (60-85 weather is common); global warming is far away
belief perservereance clinging to one's initial conceptions after they have been discredited
framing the way an issue is presented
ex of framing calling a carbon tax "carbon offset" instead of the straightforward "carbon tax"
define intuition the ability to understand something immediately without the need for conscious reasoning
how do smart thinkers use intuition?
Created by: allyson.lee
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