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winner take all system
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AP Gov - unit 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| independent expenditures | Spending by political action committees, corporations, or labor unions that is done to help a party or candidate but is done independently of them |
| winner take all system | An election system in which the candidate with the most votes wins |
| closed primary | have to be a registered member of the party to participate |
| open primary | can decide which party you vote for - don't have to be registered w/ party |
| caucus | a meeting where people are aware of how people vote |
| dealignment | Weakening of partisan preference that point to a rejection of both major parties and a rise in the number of Independents |
| single member district | electoral district that returns one officeholder to a body with multiple members such as a legislature |
| minor party | a political party whose electoral strength is so small |
| multiparty system | multiple political parties across the political spectrum run for national election, and all have the capacity to gain control of government offices |
| bipartisan | the agreement or cooperation of two political parties that usually oppose each other's policies |
| coalition | an alliance for combined action, especially a temporary alliance of political parties forming a government or of states |
| incumbent | person already holding an elective office |
| midterm election | some members of the US Senate, all members of the House of Representatives, and many state and local positions are voted on every 2 years |
| franchise | an authorization granted by a government or company to an individual or group enabling them to carry out specified commercial activities |
| term limits | laws that limit the number of terms elected officials can serve |
| primary election | An election held to choose candidates for office |
| political culture | set of attitudes, beliefs, and sentiments which give order and meaning to a political process |
| divided government | the situation in which one party controls the presidency while the other party controls Congress |
| realigning election | occurs when the population that supports one/both of the country's major political parties undergoes a major shift |
| proportional representation | awards legislative seats to political parties in proportion to the number of votes won in an election |
| electoral college | a body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president |
| safe seat | An elected office that is predictably won by one party or the other, so the success of that party's candidate is almost taken for granted |
| coattail effect: | tendency of candidates to win more votes in an election b/c of the presence at the top of the ticket |
| candidate appeal | the tendency in elections to focus on the personal attributes of a candidate, such as his or her strengths, weaknesses, background, experience, and visibility |
| name recognition | the number of people who are aware of a politician |
| franking | A policy that enables members of Congress to send material through the mail by substituting their facsimile signature (frank) for postage |
| national party convention | political convention held every four years in the United States by most of the political parties who will be fielding nominees in the upcoming U.S. presidential election |
| FEC | Federal Election Commission - disclose campaign finance information, to enforce the provisions of the law such as the limits and prohibitions on contributions, and to oversee the public funding of Presidential elections |
| hard money | When cash is contributed directly to a political candidate |
| mass media | television, radio, newspapers, magazines, the Internet |
| news media | any outlet where a reporter's story could be printed or spoken |
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Lizzy82