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Respiratory system*
respiratory system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are cilia? | fine hairs in the nose that remove unwanted particles before they enter the body. |
| what does the mucous membrane do? | heats air in the nose so that it is more compatible with our body temp. |
| what is the upper respiratory system made up of? | nose, pharynx, larynx, and nasal cavities |
| what protects the respiratory tree? | mucosal lining |
| what separates the nose into two cavities? | nasal septum |
| functions of the nose? | sense of smell and drainage for tears |
| the pharynx is shared with...? | digestive system |
| what is the lower respiratory system made up of? | trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs. |
| what lines the chest cavity and covers lungs? | pleural cavity |
| what is known as the voice box? | larynx |
| what is known as the windpipe? | trachea |
| function of the diaphragm? | separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity |
| how many lobes are the lungs divided into? | 3 on right and 2 on left |
| what is the mediastinum? | location of the heart, separates r&l lung |
| main function of lungs? | pulmonary ventilation |
| inspiration is? | air into the lungs, diaphragm flattens, intercostals contract, thoracic cavity increases in size |
| expiration is? | air out of the lungs, passive response |
| composition of air? | 21% oxygen 79% nitrogen 0.5% carbon dioxide |
| how much oxygen does the average adult consume? | 250ml or oxygen and produces 200ml of carbon dioxide |
| respiratory center located in the brainstem? | medulla |
| how is Ph kept in balance? | by exchange of o2 and co2 |
| lung capacity? | 500ml |
| causes of sneezing? | ciliary action,peristaltic motion of bronchioles, cough reflex |
| what is rhinitis? | nasal inflammatory condition caused by colds,flu, allergies. |
| what is the most common respiratory problem? | allergies |
| what is pneumonia? | infection causing acute inflammation, lung airways are blocked with thick mucus. |
| causes of pneumonia | bacterial, viral, fungal, chemical, parasitic |
| what is acute bronchitis? | inflammation of bronchi and trachea caused by infection. |
| copd | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| asthma | obstructive airway disease, affect is equivalent to suffocation as brain is deprived of oxygen. |
| treatments for bronchitis, asthma,emphysema | bronchodilaters,corticosteroids,xanthenes,leokotriene receptor antagonists |
| tuberculosis | most commmon bacterial disease affecting pulmonary system, highly contagious, aerobic bacterium (mycobacterium tuberculosis). immune system weakens, bacteria multiplies, symptoms appear. |
| Mucolytics | break up mucus in patients with copd and cystic fibrosis. Acetycysteine |
| what is pleurisy? | inflammation of the lining of the lungs. |
| what is croup? | childhood condition,causes obstruction of the larynx. barking cough and noisy breathing. |
| define whooping cough? | AKA pertussis. bacterial infection that affects the larynx and trachea, produces coughing spasms. contagious |
| pulmonary edema | caused by fluid filling the repiratory air sacs and bronchioles. |
| apnea | respiration stops as in heart failure |
| bradypnea | slow breathing |
| cyanosis | lack of o2 causes blue skin |
| dyspnea | labored or difficult breathing |
| hyperventilation | deep and rapid breathing |
| hyponea | shallow inadequate breathing |
| orthopnea | labored or difficulty breathing while laying down |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing |
Created by:
Bananna
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