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RAD 110
Terms Chp 19-20 Imaging Patient Care
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Apnea | cessation of spontaneous ventalilation |
| Atelectasis | absence of gas from part or the whole of the lungs as a result of failure of expansion or reabsorption of gas from the alveoli |
| Auscultation | listening to sounds of the body, typically through the use of a stethoscope |
| Body temperature | measurement of the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body |
| Bradycardia | slowness of the heartbeat as evidenced by slowing the of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute |
| Bradypnea | abnormal slowness of breathing |
| Diaphoresis | profuse sweating |
| Diastolic | pertaining to dilation or period of relaxation of the heart, especially of the ventricles |
| Dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| Febrile | pertaining to or characterized by fever |
| Homeostasis | constancy in the internal environment of the body |
| Hypertension | persistently high arterial blood pressure |
| Hyperthermia | abnormally high body temperature |
| Hypotension | abnormally low blood pressure ; seen in shock |
| Hypothermis | low body temperature |
| Hypoxia | reduction of oxygen supply to tissue |
| Intubation | insertion of tubular device into a canal, hollow organ, or cavity |
| Orthopnea | difficulty breathing except when sitting up or standing erect |
| Pleural Effusion | increased amounts of fluid withing the pleural cavity, usually result of inflammation |
| Pneumothorax | presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity |
| Pulse Oximeter | photoelectric device used for determining the oxygen saturation of the blood |
| Sphygmomanometer | instrument used for measuring blood pressure |
| Systolic | pertaining to tightening or a period of contraction of the heart especially that of the ventricles |
| Tachycardia | rapidity of the heart , usually defined as a heart heart greater than 100 beats per minute |
| Tachypnea | abnormal rapidity of breathing |
| Tidal volume | volume of air inhaled or exhaled during one respiratory cycle |
| Ventilation | mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs |
| Action Potential | process of depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac membrane |
| Arrhythmia | irregularity of cardiac actions |
| Asystole | no evidence of any cardiac neuroconductive activity -full cardiac arrest |
| Automaticity | process whereby cardiac cell membranes spontaneously depolarize at recurrent periods |
| Bradycardia | slowness of the heartbeat as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute |
| Cardiac Cycle | events that occur from the beginning of one ventricular contraction (systole) to the beginning of another |
| Cardiac Output | amount of blood ejected from the ventricles each minute --calculated as the product of stroke volume times heart rate |
| Depolarization | myocardial cells are stimulated to contract |
| Fibrillation | quivering contraction of cardiac muscle fibers |
| Repolarization | myocardial muscle cells relax |
| Tachycardia | heart rate above 100 beats per minute |
| Asepsis | freedom from infection |
| Bacteria | Prokaryotic, single-celled organism |
| Bloodborne pathogen | disease causing microorganism that may be present in the human blood |
| Chemotherapy | treatment of disease by chemical agents |
| Cyst | stage in the life of certain parasites during which they are enclosed in a protective wall |
| Dimorphic | occurring in two distinct forms |
| Diseases | deviations from or interruptions of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system of the body that are exhibited by a character of symptoms and signs and whose cause, pathologic mechanism, and prognosis may be known or unknown |
| Disinfectants | chemicals used to free an environment from pathogenic organisms or to render such organisms inert |
| Eukaroyes | organisms whose cells have a true nuckleus |
| Flora | microbial community found on or in a healthy person |
| Fomite | object such as a book, wooden object, or article of clothing, that is not in itself harmful but is able to harbor pathogenic microorganisms and thus may serve as an agent of transmission of an infection |
| Fungi | general term used to denote a group of eukaryotic protist-including mushrooms, yeast, rusts, molds , and smuts-that are characterized by the absence of chlorophyll and by the presence of a rigid cell wall |
| Host | animam or plant that harbors or nourishes another organism |
| Iatrogenic | resulting from the activities of physicians |
| Immunity | security against a particular disease |
| Infection | invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues |
| Medical Asepsis | reduction in numbers of infectious agents which in turn decrease the probability of infection but does not necessarily reduce it to zero |
| Miccroganism | microscopic organisms; those of medical interest include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa |
| Nosocomial | pertaining to or originating in the hospital ---eg. infection not present before admission but present after 72 hours |
| Pathogens | disease-producing microorganism |
| Prokaryotes | cellular organism that lack a true nucleus |
| Protozoa | sub-kingdom comprising the simplest organisms of the animal kingdom-unicellular organisms |
| Reservoir | alternative or passive host or carrier that harbors pathogenic organism without injury to itself, and serves as a source from which other individuals can be infected |
| Standard precautions | precautions to prevent the transmission of disease by body fluids and substances |
| Sterilization | complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms (dry or moist) chemical agents, or mechanical methods |
| Surgical Asepsis | procedure used to prevent contamination by microbes and endospores before, during, and after surgery using sterile technique |
| Vaccine | suspension of attenuated or killed microorganism administered for the prevention . improvement, or treatment of infectious disease |
| Vector | Carrier, especially an animal that transfers an infective agent from one host to another (mosquito) |
| Virion | complete viral particle found extracellularly and capable of surviving in crystallized form and infecting a living cell |
| Viruses | any group of minute infectious agents with ability ti replicate only within living host cells ...not on its own |
| endogenously | transmitted from inside the body |
| exogenously | transmitted from outside the body |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| Airborne | organism that remain suspended in air for long periods of time |
| Droplet | droplets expelled from the patient during coughing, sneezing, or even talking such as flu, mumps |
| Contact | direct contact spread such as varicella |
| Angiography | radiographic procedure used to visualize blood vessels after the introduction of contrast material |
| Arthrography | examination of a joint using x-rays after the injection of opaque contrast |
| Atelesctasis | medical condition in which the lungs are not fully inflated |
| BPH | Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy * condition on men of a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland |
| C-arm | x-ray image intensifier (fluoroscope) that uses x-ray and produces a live image feed that is displayed on a tv monitir |
| Central Venous Pressure CPV | pressure of blood in the thoracic vena cava ---reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart |
| contaminated | presence or reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious material on item or surface |
| Foley catheter | indwelling catheter retained in the bladder by an inflated ballon |
| Isolette | used as an incubator for premature infants |
| Lithotomy position | GYN check up position |
| Myelography | x-ray examination of the spinal canal |
| Purulent | containing pus |
| Serous | resembling serum --thin watery constition |
| Subungual | beneath a fingernail or toenail |
| Tracheostomy | surgical opening of the trachea |
| Trendelenburg | patient is supine with head tilted downward 30 to 40 degrees |
| Fowlers | patient is sitting up |
| Sims | patient is prone turned to one side with knee bent |
| Sterile corridor | area between the patient drape and instrument table |
| Barium | bulky , fine white powder without odor or taste used as a contrast medium in radiography of digestive track |
| Colonscopy | endoscopic examination of the large bowel and distal part of small bowel |
| Colostomy | surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body Flatus |
| Flatus | gas or air evacuated through the anus |
| Lumen | cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ |
| NG tube | nasogastric tubes of soft rubber or plastic inserted through nostril and into stomach |
| Ostomate | one who has undergone enterostomy or ureterostomy |
| perineum | region between the thighs between sexual organs and anus |
| puragation | releif of fecal matter affected by a cathartic |
| Viscosity | physical property of liquids that determines the internal resisttance to force |
| tuberculosis | an infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules (tubercles) in the tissues, especially the lungs. |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is caused by a type of staph bacteria that's become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections |
| Rubeola | medical term for measles. an infectious viral disease causing fever and a red rash on the skin, typically occurring in childhood. a disease of pigs and other animals caused by the encysted larvae of the human tapeworm. |
| Rhinovirus | any of a group of picornaviruses, including those that cause some forms of the common cold. |
| Glucogon | drug used to slow the motility of the bowel |
| Aura | subjective sensation or motor phenomenon that precedes and marks the onset of a paroxysmal attack ---epliectic |
| AED | device used for application of external eletrical shock to restore normal cardiac rhythm and rate |
| Cardiac Arrest | sudden stoppage of cardiac output and effective circulation |
| CPR | artificial substitution of heart and lung action |
| Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke or brain attack) | conditions with sudden onset caused by acute vascular lesions of the brain |
| emergency | unexpected or sudden change in medical status, an urgent or pressing need |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| hemorrhage | escape of blood from the vessels |
| hypoglycemia | abnormally increased concentration of glucose in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | diminished concentration of glucose in the blood |
| lethargy | abnormal drowsiness or stupor -indifference |
| pallor | paleness absence of skin coloration |
| shock | a failure of the circulatory system to support vital body functions |
| synoscope | faint |
| urticaria | vascular reaction on skin usually hives |
| vertigo | illusion of movement, sensation of revolving in space |
Created by:
nclatina12
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