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Science Test

Weather/Water Cycle

TermDefinition
What is weather? Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a place and time and is measured with temperature, wind speed/direction, precipitation, humidity, and cloud cover. It is what happens day-to-day.
What is climate? Climate is the weather that occurs in an area over a long period of time.
What is a barometer? A device that measures air pressure. Weighs the amount of air in a specific place. A falling measurement means a storm is approaching.
What is a weather satellite? It circles the Earth and is used to take pictures of big weather events from space.
What is wind vane? It shows the direction the wind is blowing. It is often times made with a rooster on top.
What is a thermometer? A thermometer measures the condition of the air. It measures in Celsius or Fahrenheit. Liquid expands or contracts causing it to move up and down in a tube.
What is an anemometer? It measures wind speed. It measures how hard the wind is blowing. Several cups catch the wind and it spins around. It measures the number of times it spins over a set period of time.
What is a rain gauge? It measures the amount of rain over a set period of time. Reported in inches.
What is a hygrometer? A device that measures humidity. It measures how much water vapor is in the air.
Weather Path Weather moves from west to east, about 500 miles a day. It moves faster in the winter.
Air paths High, cold air travels faster than low, warm air. Cold air tends to move SE and warm air tends to move E/NE
Isobars Lines drawn through points of equal barometric pressure. Isobars far apart mean mild winds. Isobars close mean strong winds.
Isotherms Bands of color showing general temperature of an area.
Map symbols – Cold A cold air mass is moving in the direction of the arrows. It often brings storms and cooler weather.
Map symbols – warm A warm air mass moving in the direction of the half circles is usually preceded by rain or snow.
Map symbols – warm and cold A line between two air masses when there is little or no movement means unsettled weather, often prolonged rain.
Low pressure cells Low pressure cells move in a counterclockwise direction. They usually forecast cloudiness and precipitation.
High pressure cells High pressure cells move in a clockwise direction. They usually forecast clear skies.
Front The line of contact between air masses of different temperatures is a front. They are fronts for the air that is behind them. When they meet a change in weather can occur.
Weather maps Weather maps show large masses of warm or cold moving air.
Cold Front Cold, dense air pushes warm air out of the way. Move quickly and bring short periods of rain and thunderstorms. The temperature decreases.
Warm Front Warm air move up cold front as it slowly displaces cold air. Move slowly and bring many days of steady precipitation. The temperature increases.
Thunderstorm Severe storm with strong winds, heavy rain and lightning
Thunderstorm effects Hail and heavy rain cause flooding, lightning can cause fires, strong winds can blow over power lines
Thunderstorm safety Stay inside, stay out of water and away from large bodies of water, don't stand under trees
Tornado A small funnel-shaped cloud that comes down from a storm with winds spinning at very high speeds
Tornado effects High winds can blow over trees and tear apart buildings. Every time a tornado touches down, it destroys everything in its path.
Tornado safety Find a safe place away from windows on the first floor or basement, lie flat in a ditch or other low place, do not stay in car
Hurricane A large storm that forms over water. They always have strong winds that blow in a circular pattern around the center (the eye) of the storm.
Hurricane effects High winds can blow over trees, power lines, and even buildings. Heavy rain can cause flooding. The storm waves can come in the beach and damage the coastal area.
Hurricane safety Board up windows of house, stay away from windows because high winds can cause them to break, move further inland if you are near the coast.
Created by: sara.r.bailey
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