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Phy Sci Unit C5

States of Matter

QuestionAnswer
The study of matter chemistry
The study of energy physics
State of matter with definite shape and volume solid
Solids with a regular arrangement of atoms crystalline
Solids with no regular arrangement of atoms amorphous
State of matter with definite volume but no definite shape liquid
State of matter with no definite shape and no definite volume gas
A substance that is normally a liquid at room temperature in the gas state vapor
The energy of motion kinetic
State of matter that has the most energy - Solid, liquid or gas? gas
State of matter that is a mix of positive ions and electrons. It exists at very high temperatures plasma
State of matter that only exists at near absolute zero when the individual atoms slow down and act like one big blob atom Bose-Einstein condensate
Says matter is made of particles in constant motion kinetic theory of matter
Use kinetic theory to explain gas particles They are in constant motion with most energy and fill any container
Use kinetic theory to explain liquid particles They are in some motion, but it is limited by their attractive forces. They take the shape of a container but don't fill it
Use kinetic theory to explain solid particles They are in place vibrating slightly
Define phase change reversible physical change form one state of matter to another
Energy is absorbed into a system endothermic
Energy is released from a system exothermic
What changes of phase are endothermic melting and boiling and sublimation
What changes of phase are exothermic condensing and freezing and deposition
solid --> liquid melting
liquid --> solid freezing
liquid --> gas vaporization/evaporation/boiling
gas --> liquid condensation
solid --> gas sublimation
gas --> solid deposition
What happens to temperature during a change of state? it stays the same
What can affect the state of matter a substance is in? temperature and pressure
A force over a specific area is the definition of what? pressure
Pressure is measured in ____. pascals (Pa)
Pressure is measured with ____. pressure gauge or atmospheric pressure with a barometer
What can affect the pressure of a gas volume, temperature and number of particles
How are volume and temp related directly proportional (Charles's Law)
How are volume and pressure related inversely proportional (Boyle's Law)
What happens to the amount of heat during the melting process? Heat is added
What happens to the amount of heat during the condensation process? Heat is removed
law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas increases as its pressure decreases Boyle's Law
law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of a gas increases as its temperature increases Charles's Law
What is boiling? When vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to atmospheric pressure
As temperature increases, what happens to the volume of a gas? It increases (Charles's Law - directly proportional)
As pressure increases, what happens to the volume of a gas? It decreases (Boyle's Law - inversely proportional)
Does water always boil at 100 degrees Celsius? No if you decrease the pressure it can boil at a lower temp, or if you increase the temperature, it can boil at a higher temp.
Changes of state like boiling or condensing are _____ changes (chemical or physical) physical
As the particles of a substance slow down, what happens to it's temperature? Temperature goes down
What is 0 on the Kelvin scale called absolute zero
How does pressure change with altitude? Less pressure higher in the atmosphere. Less pressure in the mountains than at the base of the mountain. Less air stacked on top of you.
Created by: tbrandt
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