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Terminology basics
medical terminology basics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acid/o | acid, sour, bitter |
| acu- | needle |
| acu/o, acut/o | sharp, severe |
| adip/o | fat |
| aer/o | air, gas |
| agit/o | rapidity, restlessness |
| -algia | pain |
| ambul/o | to walke |
| anomal/o | irregular |
| anthrac/o | coal, carbon, carbuncle |
| anthrop/o | man, human being |
| antr/o | antrum |
| aphth/o | ulcer |
| apic/o | apex |
| aque/o | water |
| atmo- | steam, vapor |
| axi/o | axis |
| bar/o | weight, pressure |
| bary- | heavy, dull, hard |
| -basia | walking |
| bathy- | deep, depth |
| batho- | deep, depth |
| bio- | life, living |
| bi/o | life, living |
| blasto/o | early embryonic stage, immature |
| -blast | early embryonic stage, immature |
| -calculia | to compute |
| calor/i | heat |
| campt/o | bent |
| capsul/o | capsule, container |
| caps/o | capsule, container |
| carcin/o | cancer |
| cari/o | caries, rottenness |
| -cataphasia | affirmation |
| cathar/o | cleaning, purging |
| cathart/o | cleaning, purging |
| -cathisia | sitting |
| -kathisia | sitting |
| caud/o | tail |
| cavit/o | hollow, cavity |
| cav/o | hollow, cavity |
| chem/o | chemical, chemistry |
| chron/o | time, timing |
| clin/o | to slope, bend |
| -coimesis | sleeing |
| -coma | deep sleep |
| consci/o | awareness, aware |
| constrict/o | narrowing, binding |
| contus/o | to bruise |
| corpor/o | body |
| critic/o | crisis, dangerous |
| cry/o | cold |
| cyt/o | cell |
| -cyte | cell |
| dem/o | people |
| desicc/o | to dry |
| dilat/o | enlarge, expand |
| dolich/o | long |
| dolor/o | pain |
| dors/o | back |
| duct/o | to lead |
| dynam/o | power, strength |
| -dynia | pain |
| dys- | bad, difficult, painful |
| echin/o | spiny, prickly |
| ectr/o | congenital absence |
| ele/o | oil |
| emmetr/o | the correct measure, proportioned |
| enanti/o | opposite, opposed |
| equi- | equality, equal |
| erethism/o | irritation |
| eti/o | cause |
| eu- | good, normal, well |
| -facient | to cause, make happen |
| febr/i | fever |
| fil/o | thread, threadlike |
| fil/i | thread, threadlike |
| filament/o | thread, threadlike |
| -form | specified shape, form |
| frig/o | cold |
| frigid/o | cold |
| funct/o | performance |
| gel/o | to freeze, congeal |
| gemell/o | twins |
| -gen | producing, generating |
| gen/o | producing, generating |
| -genesis | production, formation |
| -genic | produced by, forming |
| ger/o | aged, old age |
| geront/o | aged, old age |
| -grade | step |
| hapl/o | simple, single |
| heredo- | heredity |
| -hexia | condition |
| hist/o | tissue |
| homeo- | likeness, constant, sameness |
| hydro/o | water, hydrogen |
| iatr/o | treatment, physician |
| -ician | specialist |
| ion/o | ion |
| ipsi- | same |
| -ist | specialist |
| -itis | inflammation |
| kary/o | nucleus |
| kel/o | tumor, fibrous growth |
| kraur/o | dry |
| kym/o | waves |
| -labile | unstable, perishable |
| later/o | side |
| ligat/o | binding, tying |
| lim/o | hunger |
| -logist | specialist |
| -logy | study of |
| -lucent | light-admitting |
| lumin/o | light |
| ly/o | dissolve, loosen |
| -malacia | softening |
| -masesis | mastication, chewing |
| medi/o | middle |
| medic/o | heal, healing |
| mer/o | part |
| meso- | middle |
| method/o | procedure, technique |
| -mimesis | imitation, simulation |
| morph/o | shape, form |
| mort/o | death |
| nom/o | custom, law |
| nomen- | name |
| nos/o | disease |
| nucle/o | nucleus |
| nutri/o | nourish |
| nutrit/o | nourish |
| ole/o | oil |
| -oma | tumor, mass |
| onc/o | tumor, mass |
| organ/o | organ |
| palliate/o | soothe, relieve |
| pant/o | all, whole |
| path/o | disease |
| pharmacy/o | drugs |
| phyl/o | race, species, type |
| physi/o | nature |
| physic/o | physical, natural |
| phyt/o | plant |
| -phyte | plant |
| pin/o | to drink |
| plant/o | sole of the foot |
| -plasm | formation, growth |
| plex/o | network (nerves or vessels), plexus |
| -poiesis | formation |
| posit/o | arrangement, place |
| prote/o | protein |
| psamm/o | sand, sand-like material |
| puls/o | to beat, beating |
| pulsat/o | to beat, beating |
| -puncture | to pierce a surface |
| purul/o | pus formation |
| pyr/o | fire, fever, heat |
| pyret/o | fever |
| -receptor | receiver |
| -ceptor | receiver |
| resuscit/o | revive |
| reticul/o | netlike |
| sanit/a | health |
| scirrh/o | hard |
| somat/o | body |
| -some | body |
| spectr/o | image, spectrum |
| -stabile | stable, fixed |
| -stasis | standing still, standing |
| -stat | device/instrument for keeping something stationary |
| stere/o | solid, three-dimensional |
| succ/o | juice |
| symptom/o | occurrence |
| synaps/o | point of contact, to join |
| synapt/o | point of contact, to join |
| system/o | system |
| systole/o | contraction |
| techn/o | skill, art |
| tele/o | perfect, complete |
| temp/0 | period of time, the temples |
| tempor/o | period of time, the temples |
| -therapy | treatment |
| therapeut/o | treatment |
| therm/o | heat |
| tors/o | twisting, twisted |
| trem/o | shaking, trembling |
| tremul/o | shaking, trembling |
| tri/o | to sort out, sorting |
| -tumescence | swelling |
| tumesc/o | swelling |
| -type | class, representative form |
| typ/o | class, representative form |
| ventil/o | to aerate, oxygenate |
| ventr/o | belly, front of the body |
| vers/o | turn, turning |
| -verse | turn, turning |
| vir/o | virus |
| viscer/o | internal organs |
| vit/o | life |
| volv/o | to roll |
| volut/o | to roll |
| zyg/o | union, junction |
| ab- | away from |
| ad- | toward, near |
| ambi- | around, on both sides, about |
| amphi- | around, on both sides |
| ana- | up, backward, against |
| ante- | before, forward |
| anter/o | front |
| anti- | against |
| apo- | away, separation |
| cata- | down, under |
| circum- | around |
| contra- | against, opposite |
| dextr/o | right |
| dia- | through, throughout |
| dis- | apart, to separate |
| plan/o | flat, level, wandering |
| prosop/o | face |
| dist/o | distant |
| ec- | outside, out |
| ecto- | outside, out |
| en- | inside, within |
| endo- | inside, within |
| epi- | above, over, upone |
| eso- | within |
| ex- | out, away from |
| exo- | outside, outward |
| extra- | ouside |
| fore- | before, in front |
| hyper- | above, excessive, beyond |
| hypo- | under, deficient, below |
| infra- | below, beneath |
| inter- | between |
| intra- | within |
| juxta- | near |
| later/o | side |
| levo- | left |
| medi/o | middle |
| meso- | middle |
| para- | alongside, near, beyond, abnormal |
| per- | through, throughout |
| peri- | around, surrounding |
| post- | after, behind |
| poster/o | behind, towards the back |
| pre- | before, in front of |
| pro- | before |
| pros/o | forward, anterior |
| proxim/o | near |
| re- | back, again |
| retro- | behind, backward |
| sinistr/o | left |
| sub- | under, beneath |
| super- | above, beyond |
| supra- | above, beyond |
| tel/e- | distant, end |
| trans- | across |
| ultra- | beyond, excess |
| -rrhagia | excessive flow, profuse fluid discharge |
| -rrhage | excessive flow, profuse fluid discharge |
| -rrhaphy | suture |
| -rrhea | flow, discharge |
| -rrhexis | rupture |
| -rrhythm/o | rhythm |
| half | demi- |
| half | hemi- |
| half | semi- |
| one | mono- |
| one | uni- |
| one-and-a-half | sesqui- |
| two | bi- |
| two | di- |
| three | tri- |
| four | tetra- |
| four | quadri- |
| five | quinque- |
| five | pent- |
| five | penta- |
| six | hex- |
| six | hexa- |
| six | sex- |
| seven | hepta- |
| seven | sept- |
| seven | septi- |
| eight | octa- |
| eight | octi- |
| nine | noni- |
| ten | deca- |
| hundred | hector- |
| thousand | kilo- |
| million | mega- |
| billion | giga- |
| trillion | tera- |
| quadrillion | peta- |
| quintillion | exa- |
| one hundredth | centi- |
| one tenth | deci- |
| one thousandth | milli- |
| one millionth | micro- |
| one billionth | nano- |
| one trillionth | pico- |
| one quadrillionth | femto- |
| one quintillionth | atto- |
| -centesis | surgical puncture of a cavity |
| -desis | surgical fixation, fusion |
| -ectomy | surgical removal |
| -pexy | fixation |
| -plasty | surgical correction/repair |
| -rrhaphy | suture |
| -sect | to cut |
| -stomy | surgical opening |
| -tomy | surgical incision |
| -tripsy | to crush, break |
| aspir/o | removal |
| aspirat/o | removal |
| -assay | to examine, analyze |
| auscult/o | to listen |
| auscultat/o | to listen |
| echo- | reverberating sound |
| electro/o | electricity |
| -gram | written record |
| -graph | instrument for recording |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -meter | instrument of measuring |
| -metry | process of measuring |
| -opsy | to view |
| palp/o | to touch gently |
| palpat/o | to touch gently |
| radi/o | x-ray, radiation |
| -scope | instrument for visual examination |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| -tome | instrument for cutting |
| acar/o | mites |
| arachn/o | spider |
| bacteri/o | bacteria |
| -coccus | berry-shaped bacterium |
| fung/i | fungus, mushroom |
| helminth/o | worm |
| -helminth | worm |
| hirud/i | leech |
| hirudin/i | leech |
| ixod/i | ticks |
| myc/o | fungus |
| parasit/o | parasite |
| pedicul/o | louse |
| scolec/o | worm |
| verm/i | worm |
| vir/o | virus |
| alb/o | white |
| albin/o | white |
| chlor/o | green |
| cirrh/o | orange-yellow |
| cyan/o | blue |
| eosin/o | red, rosy, dawn |
| erythr/o | red |
| flav/o | yellow |
| fusc/o | dark brown |
| glauc/o | gray, bluish green |
| jaund/o | yellow |
| leuk/o | white |
| lute/o | yellow |
| melan/o | black |
| poli/o | gray |
| purpur/i | purple |
| rhod/o | red, rosy |
| rose/o | rosy |
| rubr/o | red |
| rubr/i | red |
| tephr/o | gray (ashen) |
| xanth/o | yellow |
| acous/o | hearing |
| acoust/o | hearing |
| audi/o | hearing |
| audit/o | hearing |
| -cusis | hearing |
| olfact/o | smell |
| -osmia | smell |
| osm/o | smell |
| -ophresia | smell |
| osphresi/o | smell |
| haph/e | touch |
| pselaphes/o | touch |
| tact/o | touch |
| thigm/o | touch |
| -geusia | taste |
| gustat/o | taste |
| gust/o | taste |
| -opia | vision |
| -opsia | vision |
| opt/o | vision |
| abdomen/o | abdomen |
| celi/o | abdomen |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| aer/o | air |
| phys/o | air |
| pneum/o | air |
| pneumon/o | air |
| pan- | all |
| pant/o | all |
| bil/i | bile |
| chol/e | bile |
| cyst/o | bladder |
| vesic/o | bladder |
| hem/o | blood |
| hemat/o | blood |
| sangu/i | blood |
| sanguin/o | blood |
| corpor/o | body |
| somat/o | body |
| -some | body |
| mamm/o | breast |
| mast/o | breast |
| -pnea | breathe |
| respir/o | breathe |
| respirat/o | breathe |
| spir/o | breathe |
| cec/o | cecum |
| typhl/o | cecum |
| pector/o | chest |
| steth/o | chest |
| thorac/o | chest |
| -para | childbirth |
| -parous | childbirth |
| -partum | childbirth |
| -tocia | childbirth |
| toc/o | childbirth |
| corne/o | cornea of the eye |
| kerat/o | cornea of the eye |
| mort/o | death |
| necr/o | death |
| thanat/o | death |
| allo- | different |
| hetero- | different |
| nos/o | disease |
| path/o | disease |
| kraur/o | dry |
| xer/o | dry |
| aur/o | ear |
| auricul/o | ear |
| ot/o | ear |
| myring/o | eardrum |
| tympan/o | eardrum |
| ocul/o | eye |
| ophthalm/o | eye |
| opt/o | eye |
| blephar/o | eyelid |
| palpebr/o | eyelid |
| faci/o | face |
| op/o-face | |
| prosop/o | face |
| adip/o | fat |
| lip/o | fat |
| steat/o | fat |
| pimel/o | fat |
| corp/o | feces |
| scat/o | feces |
| sterc/o | feces |
| febr/i | fever |
| pyr/o | fever |
| pyret/o | fever |
| arch/i | first |
| arch/e | first |
| -arche | first |
| primi- | first |
| prot/o | first |
| ped/o | foot |
| pod/o | foot |
| pil/o | hair |
| trich/o | hair |
| cardi/o | heart |
| coron/o | heart |
| calor/i | heat |
| therm/o | heat |
| card- | heart |
| gigant/o | huge |
| mega- | huge |
| meglo- | huge |
| prurit/o | itching |
| psor/o | itching |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| ren/o | kidney |
| phac/o | lens of the eye |
| phak/o | lens of the eye |
| bio- | life |
| bi/o | life |
| vit/o | life |
| viv/i | life |
| cheil/o | lip |
| chil/o | lip |
| labi/o | lip |
| desm/o | ligament |
| ligament/o | ligament |
| syndesm/o | ligament |
| -ole | little, small |
| -ule | little, small |
| pneum/o | lung |
| pneumon/o | lung |
| pulmon/o | lung |
| galact/o | milk |
| lact/o | milk |
| ment/o | mind |
| -noia | mind |
| phren/o | mind |
| psych/o | mind |
| or/o | mouth |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| blenn/o | mucus |
| muc/o | mucus |
| myx/o | mucus |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| my/o | muscle |
| myos/o | muscle |
| onych/o | nail |
| ungu/o | nail |
| noct/i | night |
| nyct/o | night |
| nas/o | nose |
| rhin/o | nose |
| kary/o | nucleus |
| nucle/o | nucleus |
| ele/o | oil |
| ole/o | oil |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| ovari/o | ovary |
| -algia | pain |
| dolor/o | pain |
| -dynia | pain |
| palat/o | palate |
| uran/o | palate |
| -cyesis | pregnancy |
| gravid/o | pregnancy |
| cor/o | pupil |
| pupill/o | pupil |
| proct/o | rectum |
| rect/o | rectum |
| ptyal/o | saliva |
| sial/o | saliva |
| homeo- | same |
| homo- | same |
| ipsi- | same |
| tauto- | same |
| cutane/o | skin |
| derm/o | skin |
| dermat/o | skin |
| son/o | sound |
| phon/o | sound |
| -ician | specialist |
| -ist | specialist |
| -logist | specialist |
| lith/o | stone |
| petr/o | stone |
| ithy- | straight |
| orth/o | straight |
| dynam/o | strength |
| -sthenia | strength |
| sthen/o | strength |
| gluc/o | sugar |
| glyc/o | sugar |
| sacchar/o | sugar |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| sud/o | sweat |
| -edema | swelling |
| -tumescence | swelling |
| tumesc/o | swelling |
| dacry/o | tear |
| lacrim/o | tear |
| pachy- | thick |
| pycn/o | thick |
| pykn/o | thick |
| chron/o | time |
| temp/o | time |
| tempor/o | time |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| dent/i | tooth |
| odont/o | tooth |
| onc/o | tumor/mass |
| -oma | tumor/mass |
| hyster/o | uterus |
| metr/o | uterus |
| uter/o-uterus | |
| colp/o | vagina |
| vagin/o | vagina |
| phleb/o | vein |
| ven/o | vein |
| rachi/o | vertebral/spinal column |
| spin/o | vertebral/spinal column |
| spondyl/o | vertebral/spinal column |
| angi/o | vessel |
| vas/o | vessel |
| episi/o | vulva |
| vulv/o | vulva |
| aque/o | water |
| hydr/o | water |
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