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Ch5Gender&Sexuality
Definitions and Concepts of Gender and Sexuality PSY111.02 Intro to Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| gender | socially influenced characteristics by which people define men and women |
| aggression | men tend to be more physically aggressive; women's aggression is more relational |
| X chromosome | mother always contributes an X chromosome in prenatal development; |
| Y chromosome | father may contribute an X or a Y. meaning XX=female and XY=male |
| testosterone | most important male sex hormones. both males & females have it, but additional testosterone in males stimulates growth of sex organs in fetus |
| puberty | the period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing |
| primary sex characteristics | body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible |
| secondary sex characteristics | non-reproductive sexual traits: female breasts and hips and male voice quality and body hair |
| menarche | the first menstrual period |
| gender role | set of expected behaviors for males or for females |
| role | set of expectations (normS) about social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave |
| gender identity | our sense of being male or female |
| social learning theory | theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished |
| gender typing | the way some children seem more attuned than others in traditional male and female roles |
| transgender | an umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth sex |
| estrogens | sex hormones, such as estradiol, secreted in greater amounts in females and contributing to female sex characteristics |
| sexual response cycle | four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson--excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution |
| refractory period | resting period after orgasm, during which a male cannot achieve another orgasm |
| sexual dysfunction | problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning |
| paraphilias | experiencing sexual arousal from fantasies, behaviors, or urges involving non-human objects, the suffering of self or others, and/or non-consenting persons |
| AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) | life-threatening, sexually transmitted infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Aids depletes immune system, leaving the person vulnerable to infections |
| sexual orientation | an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexual), the other sex (heterosexual), or both sexes (bisexual) |
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Pat46
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