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Atomic Structure
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mass Number | Protons + Neutrons |
| Atomic Number | Protons |
| - 1 charge | Electron |
| + 1 charge | Proton |
| Mass Number - Atomic Number | Neutrons |
| Particles with significant mass | Protons and Neutrons |
| Determines what element an atom is | Protons |
| Exist in a "cloud" | Electrons |
| Are found in the nucleus | Protons and Neutrons |
| Changing these will only change the mass of the atom | Neutrons |
| Changing these will change the charge of an atom | Electrons |
| Changing these will change the type of atom | Protons |
| This is how many electrons can fit on N = 1 | 2 |
| Number of electrons that can fit on N = 2 | 8 |
| Number of electrons that can fit on N = 3 | 18 |
| Particles on the highest energy level | valence electrons |
| Highest number of electrons in a valence shell | 8 |
| These match the number of protons in a neutral atom | electrons |
| These are gained or lost to form an ion | electrons |
| An atom that has gained electrons | Anion |
| An atom that has lost electrons | Cation |
| Compare these particles to discover the charge of an atom | Protons and Electrons |
| Types of Pure substances | Elements and Compounds |
| Elements in Group 1 | Alkali Metals |
| Elements in Group 2 | Alkaline Earth Metals |
| Elements in Group 3-12 | Transition Metals |
| Elements in Group 17 | Halogens |
| Elements in Group 18 | Noble (or Inert) Gases |
| Elements on the left side of the Periodic Table (Most of the elements) | Metals |
| Elements on the right side of the Periodic Table | Nonmetals |
| Columns on the periodic table are called | Groups |
| Rows on the periodic table are called | Periods |
| You look at this on the periodic table to know how many energy levels an atom has | Periods |
| You can look at this on the periodic table to quickly know how many valence electrons an atom has | Groups |
| This is what determines the order of elements on the periodic table | Atomic Number |
| Elements are represented by... | Symbol |
| Elements here have 3 valence electrons | Group 13 |
| Elements here have a full valence of 8 electrons | Group 18 |
| Elements here have 1 valence electron | Group 1 |
| Elements here want to gain 1 electron | Group 17 |
| Elements here want to lose 1 electron | Group 1 |
| Elements here want to lose 3 electrons | Group 13 |
| Brittle, often gas at room temperature, non-conductive | Nonmetals |
| Shiny, malleable, conductive | Metals |
Created by:
jaredlovering
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