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Pulm Disease Exam 3

SPC Pulmonary Disease Exam 3 Special Procedures

QuestionAnswer
Diagnostic indications for bronchoscopy? Aspiration, Bronchiectasis, Foreign Body, Hemoptysis, Lung Abscess
Therapeutic indications for bronchoscopy? Endotracheal Intubation, Retained secretions or mucus plugs, foreign body aspiration, bronchial strictures, placement of stents
Contraindications of bronchoscopy? Myocardial infarction, Uncontrolled asthma, Coagulopathy
Diagnostic procedures performed in fiber optic bronchoscopy? Brushings, Cytology, Biopsy, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Mycobacterial Cultures
Transbronchial needle aspirations are performed with? Needle catheters, which come in various sizes and styles
Bronchoscopes after use are soaked in what for how long? Glutaraldehyde for 45min
How long after cleaning is the bronchoscope ready to be used? 1hr
What is tracheostomy? Provides access to the airway in patients with upper airway obstruction
Surgical complications of Tracheostomy? Postoperative hemorrhage, injury to laryngeal nerves, pneumothorax, cardiac arrest
Complications during and after decannulation? Granuloma, Tracheal stenosis, Tracheomalacia
What is percutaneous tracheostomy? An alternative to the conventional open surgical technique
Why is percutaneous tracheostomy becoming more widely used? Performance at bedside, decreased operative time, decreased COST
Complications of transtracheal oxygen catheters? Subcutaneous emphysema, infection cellulitus, hemoptysis
What are transtracheal oxygen catheters? Thought to reduce the O2 flow requirement by reducing waste through dilution of inspired O2 and using the large airways as a reservoir during the expiratory phase
Why have transtracheal catheters been advocated? Improved Compliance, Cosmetic Appearance, decreased nasal irritation, reduced cost of O2 due to long duration of portable O2, improved patient function
Advantages of Transtracheal O2? 1. Technically Simple 2. 50%-75% reduction in O2 flow 3. Higher PaO2/SaO2 at same flow 4. Modest FIO2 increase over standard cannula
Disadvantages of Transtracheal O2? 1. Performance varies with VT & f 2. Some may be obtrusive 3. Difficult to determine FIO2 4. May interfere with purse lip breathing
Created by: Langhout1418
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