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Physics Midterm 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What's the law of conservation? | Energy cannot be created or destroyed, its form just changes |
| What popular atomic structure do we use? | The Bohr Model |
| What's in the nucleus? | Protons and neutrons |
| How much does a proton weigh compared to an electron? | 1 proton = 2000 electrons |
| Can electrons be further subdivided? If so, into what? | No |
| Can nucleons be further subdivided? If so, into what? | Yes, into quarks |
| What are quarks? How many types are there? | Quarks are the fundamental building blocks of nucleons. Up quarks have a +2/3 charge and down quarks have a -1/3 charge. There are six types in total (top, bottom, strange, charmed...) |
| What bind quarks together? | Gluons |
| How do you calculate the max number of electrons in a shell? Is there an exception? | 2n^2. Exception is the valence shell, which cannot surpass 8 electrons |
| Mass number (# of nucleons) | |
| What's "Z"? | Atomic number (# of protons) |
| What's "X"? | Atomic symbol (appears in the periodic table to identify elements) |
| What are isotopes? | Elements with the same number of protons and electrons (so same atomic #) but a different amount of neutrons (so different atomic mass) |
| What affects binding energy? | It increases with the # of protons and closeness to the nucleus |
| Is potential energy positive or negative? | Negative |
| What's the normal state of an atom? | # of electrons = # of protons |
| What's the ground state of an atom? | All inner shells are filled |
| What can cause electrification? | Contact, friction, induction, or ionization |
| What is electrical force directly related to? Inversely related to? | Directly related to charge, inversely related to distance |
| How do electrons distribute across a rounded object? A pointed object? | Evenly across a round object, condensed at a point |
| At what temperatures do conductors work best? Why? | Cold, because it decreases resistance |
| What is electrical potential energy comparable to in radiology? What equation and unit does it use? | Comparable to quality of electrons (kVp) and is measured in volts. V = E/Q |
| What is electric current comparable to in radiology? What equation and unit does it use? | Comparable to quantity of electrons (mAs) and is measured in ampheres. I = Q/t |
| What is electrical resistance? What is it directly and inversely related to? | The hindrance to electron flow. Directly related to length and inversely related to area |
| What is capacitance measured in? | Farads |
| What does Ohms law do? | Describes the relationships between voltage, current, and resistance (V=IR) |
| What is electric power measured in? How is it applied in radiology? | Watts, used in x-ray tube ratings |
| List the three magnetic strength classifications, from weakest to strongest | Diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic |
| What causes magnetism? | The motion of charged particles |
| What creates a magnetic domain? | The accumulation of many atomic magnets and their dipoles |
| What is magnetic induction? | The process of dipole realignment in ferromagnets when placed near a magnet (can create artificial permanent magnets) |
| What happens if you break a magnet in half? | You'll get two equally strong magnets |
| What is magnetic flux? Does it ever intersect? | Imaginary lines of force around a magnet, never intersect |
| What effect does increasing current have on magnetic field and flux? | Both increase |
| What do electromagnets depend on? | Amount of current, # of turns, and an iron core |
| What effect does increasing the number of turns have on magnetic current and flux intensity? | They both increase |
| What do conductors do? | Induce electric current due to influence of changing magnetic fields |
| What influences the magnitude of induced current when dealing with conductors? | Strength of magnetic field, rate of change, # of turns, angle between conductor and magnetic field |
| What is Faraday's law? | Electric current will be induced if part of circuit is changing in the magnetic field because this change produces resistance |
| What is Lenz's law? | Induced current flows in the opposite direction that induced it |
| What affect does an increase in the # of coils have on resistance and induced voltage? | They both increase |
| What are the two types of induction? | Mutual and self |
| What's "A"? |
Created by:
Ewood61
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