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Chain of command
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chapter 8 and 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chain of command | Official hierarchy of authority that dictates who is in charge of whom within the organization. |
| Hierarchy | The levels of management within a business organization, from the lowest to the highest. |
| Departmentalization | Process of organizing employees into groups or units to accomplish specific organizational goals. |
| Span of control | The number of subordinates under the direct control of a manager or supervisor. |
| Matrix organization | Organizational structure that combines employees from different parts of the organization; often used for special projects. |
| Tall organization | Organization with multiple layers of management between top executives and front-line employees. |
| Flat organization | Organization with few layers of management between the executive level and the lowest level. |
| Staff Personal | Personnel whose positions are typically advisory and/ or facilitative in nature. |
| Corporate culture | The shared values, symbols, rituals, beliefs and traditions of an organization.` |
| Line organization | Structure in which authority and responsibility move from top to bottom and each employee reports to only one manager. |
| Restructuring | The reorganization of a company in order to achieve greater efficiency and adapt to new markets. |
| Centralized authority | Organization structure in which decision-making and authority are concentrated at top levels of the firm. |
| Decentralized authority | Organization structure in which authority and decision-making is delegated to lower levels of the firm. |
| Virtual corporation | Organization structure that temporarily networks replaceable firms that join together and leave as needed. |
| Core competencies | Those functions that the organization can do as well as or better than any other organization. |
| Benchmarking | Comparing a firm's processes and performance to the world's best and/or best practices from other industries. |
| Economics of scale | The increase in efficiency of production as the number of goods being produced increases. |
| Bureaucracy | Management structure with many layers of management, a high degree of formalization and job specialization. |
| Formal organization | Structure of an organization that is typically depicted on organization charts |
| Real time | The actual time during which a process or event occurs |
| Line personal | Those personnel in an organization who have direct job performance responsibilities. |
| Assembly process | manufacturing method in which value is added by putting together components to create a product |
| Continuous process | Manufacturing method to produce or process materials without interruption for long periods of time. |
| Mass customization | production of personalized or custom-tailored goods or services to meet customers' individual needs |
| Critical path | In a PERT chart, the sequence of activities that takes the longest time from start to finish |
| Facility location | the process of determining the geographic placement of facilities to serve the firm's clients or customers |
| Facility layout | the arrangement of machinery, equipment and people within a production facility |
| Quality | consistent production of goods and services desired by customers that are free of defects and deficiencies |
| Process manufacturing | manufacturing method in which value is added through physical or chemical transformation of the product |
| Production | the creation of finished goods and services using the factors of production: land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship, and knowledge |
| telecommuting | working from home via computer |
| flexible manufacturing | manufacturing system that uses computer controlled technology to produce different goods in varying volumes |
| lean manufacturing | manufacturing methodology based on maximizing value and minimizing waste in the manufacturing process |
| SPC Statistical process control | method of monitoring quality through random sampling of products and plotting variances from standard |
| CAD computer aided design | the use of computers to assist in the design and development of products |
| MRP materials requirement planning | computerized system that uses sales forecasting in determining appropriate inventory levels of materials |
| ERP Enterprise resource planning | computerized system that intergrates business functions such as purchasing, inventory control, sales, finance, and HR into a single database |
| CIM computers integrated manufacturing | combining applications such as CAD, CAM and other computer systems to streamline the manufacturing process |
| JIT just in time inventory control | inventory system in which materials and supplies are delivered when required and neither sooner nor later |
| CAM computer aided manufacturing | the use of computers in the manufacturing of products |
| Statistical quality control | the process some managers use to continually monitor all phases of the production process to assure that quality is being built into the product from the beginning |
| Production management | the process of coordinating and controlling the activities required to create goods |
| operations management | the design, execution and control of operations that convert resources into desired goods and services |
| form utility | the value added by converting raw materials, labor, information etc. into finished products |
| Purchasing | activities involved in obtaining required goods and services at the optimum cost and from reliable suppliers |
| ISO 9000 | series of quality assurance standards developed by the International Organization for Standardization |
| ISO 14000 | series of environmental management standards developed by the International Organization Standardization |
| PERT chart | scheduling technique that identifies and sequences major activities needed to complete a project |
| Gantt chart | graphic scheduling tool that displays what projects are in process and their stage in completion |
| Intermittent process | a production process in which the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products |
Created by:
taylorlynn