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ED 213 Ch. 5

Ch. 5 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Intelligence a general mental capability including the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, adapt, and learn quickly.
G can be thought of as a cognitive capability that cannot be directly observed, but that accounts for all sorts of intelligent behavior and learning.
Multiple intelligences Gardener’s theory of intelligence that proposes that there are various independent intelligences rather than just a dominant g factor.
Stability refers to whether a child’s rank on a trait remains the same over time.
Habituation a reduction in attention to a continuously available or repeated stimulus.
Dishabituation attention that has become habituated is renewed after a change in the stimulus.
Core knowledge innate, skeletal conceptual structures that develop early and easily, without instruction, and are universal, but may require experience to fine-tune.
Nativists believe that the only role environment plays in core knowledge is to provide some minimal experience to trigger innate ideas.
Test bias exists when a test unfairly penalizes a group of test takers because of their gender, SES, cultural background, or other characteristic that is not relevant to the purpose of the test.
Flynn effect the worldwide pattern of rising intelligence scores.
Learning Disability a “disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, spoken or written…The disorder may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, write, spell or do mathematical calculations.”
Deliberate practice activities specifically designed to increase competence that are effortful, use specialized facilities or materials, and require expert feedback.
Academic Achievement a measure of knowledge based on grades or standardized tests.
Underachievement earning grades that are substantially below those of other students with similar cognitive ability as measured by standardized tests.
High-stakes tests tests used to make decisions that have educational or financial impact.
Fluid intelligence is the application of reasoning skills to novel situations and includes reasoning and problem solving.
Crystallized intelligence the ability to use existing knowledge and is linked with long-term memory.
Successful intelligence “the use of an integrated set of abilities needed to attain success in life, however an individual defines it, within his or her sociocultural context.”
Multiple Intelligences theory Gardner's theory of intelligence that proposes that there are various independent intelligences rather than just a dominate "g" factor.
Analytic component includes the ability to recognize and define a problem, generate a solution, and evaluate progress toward a solution.
Practical component includes putting ideas into practice in the real world, being street smart, selecting activities, and settings that match one’s abilities. And changing settings as much as possible to match one’s abilities.
Creative component generate new or different ideas, create, inventing, discovering, or hypothesizing.
Created by: Maddyjo
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