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Module 38
Stress and Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a stressor? | an environmental event that threatens or challenges us |
| After overcoming the initial shock of having her car stolen, Jane calls the police for help and begins to question possible witnesses. at this point, Jane is most likely in the ________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome. | resistance |
| Type A is to ______ as Type B is to _______. | hard-driving; easy-going |
| John typically responds to stress in a calm and thoughtful manner. Carl usually becomes agitated. These reactions show that each person has a distinctive what? | personality |
| What is health psychology? | a subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine |
| What is stress? | refers to the process by which we perceive and respond to events that we perceive as threatening or challenging |
| What is a stressor? | events that are perceived as threatening or challenging |
| What is the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)? | a three-stage sequence of bodily reaction to stress outlined by Hans Selye |
| What does "tend and befriend" refer to? | the tendency of some people (especially women) to provide support (tend) and seek support from others (befriend) when under stress |
| What is a psychophysiological illness? | any genuine illness such as hypertension and some headaches that is apparently linked to stress rather than caused by a physical disorder |
| What does the prefix psycho- refer to? | mind |
| What does the prefix physio- refer to? | body |
| What is psychoneuroimmunology? | the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes affect the immune system and resulting health |
| What are lymphocytes? | two types of white blood cells of the immune system that fight bacterial infections and viruses, cancer cells, and foreign substances in the body |
| What kind of lymphocytes fight bacterial infections? | B lymphocytes |
| What kind of lymphocytes fight foreign substances in the body? | T lymphocytes |
| What is the leading cause of death in North America today? | heart disease |
| What causes coronary heart disease? | the clogging of vessels that nourish the heart muscle |
| What is a Type A personality like? | coronary-prone behavior pattern of competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people |
| What is a Type B personality like? | the coronary-resistant behavior pattern of easy-going, relaxed people |
| During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is a person especially vulnerable to disease? | stage of exhaustion |
| What stages of the general adaptation syndrome is a person's defense mechanisms at peak function? | alarm reaction and stage of resistance |
| What are the three stages of general adaptation syndrome? | alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion |
| Stress has been demonstrated to place a person at increased risk of what? | cancer, progressing from HIV infection to AIDS, and bacterial infections |
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