Information-processing model

a model of cognition that focuses on how children acquire, store, and use knowledge.

the component of the information processing model where initial stimuli from the environment are briefly held.

the relatively permanent storage of information. Duration is long and capacity is very large, perhaps unlimited.

the brain’s control of its own information processing.

the component of the information processing model where items of information are temporarily held for encoding or processing.

Cognitive flexibility

the ability to switch from one cognitive activity or perspective to another (also called attention shifting).

the ability to inhibit processing irrelevant information or to suppress a response.

attending to task-relevant input while suppressing irrelevant input.

cognition that reflects on, monitors, or regulates other cognition.

finding items in long-term memory and placing them into working memory.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by hyperactivity, low impulse control, and inattention.

creating learning environments that enable learners with special education needs to fully participate in the school community.

a detailed gist of an experience rather than an exact memory.

existing information in long-term memory prevents accurate retrieval of new information, or information learned recently prevents accurate retrieval of older information.

memory of the source or origin of information.

the process of forming mental presentations of information for storage.

mentally repeating information over and over in working memory.

a method of enhancing memory that involves creating visual or verbal links or representations to associate two or more items.

the inability to recall things that occurred during infancy, typically from birth to about 3.5 years of age.

an organized network of information.

a schema for how to do something or for an event.

techniques for improving memory

a mnemonic technique that takes the first letters of words to be remembered and combines them into a word or phrase.

a mnemonic in which a keyboard that sounds like the target word is chosen and then an image is linked with it.

multiple periods of practicing, studying, over a period of time rather than in a single massed episode. Also referred to as distributed practice.

a form of reasoning in which a child detects generalization, rules, or regularities, often, but not always, through comparison and contrast.

a particular type of large-scale problem-solving using computers.

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ED 213 Ch. 4

Ch. 4 Vocabulary

Term	Definition
Information-processing model	a model of cognition that focuses on how children acquire, store, and use knowledge.
Sensory register	the component of the information processing model where initial stimuli from the environment are briefly held.
Long-term memory	the relatively permanent storage of information. Duration is long and capacity is very large, perhaps unlimited.
Executive functions	the brain’s control of its own information processing.
Working memory	the component of the information processing model where items of information are temporarily held for encoding or processing.
Cognitive flexibility	the ability to switch from one cognitive activity or perspective to another (also called attention shifting).
Inhibitory control	the ability to inhibit processing irrelevant information or to suppress a response.
Selective attention	attending to task-relevant input while suppressing irrelevant input.
Metacognition	cognition that reflects on, monitors, or regulates other cognition.
Retrieval	finding items in long-term memory and placing them into working memory.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)	a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by hyperactivity, low impulse control, and inattention.
Inclusion	creating learning environments that enable learners with special education needs to fully participate in the school community.
Fuzzy traces	a detailed gist of an experience rather than an exact memory.
Interference	existing information in long-term memory prevents accurate retrieval of new information, or information learned recently prevents accurate retrieval of older information.
Source monitoring	memory of the source or origin of information.
Encoding	the process of forming mental presentations of information for storage.
Rehearsal	mentally repeating information over and over in working memory.
Elaboration	a method of enhancing memory that involves creating visual or verbal links or representations to associate two or more items.
Childhood amnesia	the inability to recall things that occurred during infancy, typically from birth to about 3.5 years of age.
Schema	an organized network of information.
Script	a schema for how to do something or for an event.
Mnemonics	techniques for improving memory
Acronym	a mnemonic technique that takes the first letters of words to be remembered and combines them into a word or phrase.
Keyword method	a mnemonic in which a keyboard that sounds like the target word is chosen and then an image is linked with it.
Spaced practice	multiple periods of practicing, studying, over a period of time rather than in a single massed episode. Also referred to as distributed practice.
Induction	a form of reasoning in which a child detects generalization, rules, or regularities, often, but not always, through comparison and contrast.
Computation thinking	a particular type of large-scale problem-solving using computers.

Created by: Maddyjo

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