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psych U3M14
genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| genetics | The study of heerdity |
| Human genome | the instructions for making a human; consists of all genetic material in the chromosomes. |
| molecular genetics | field of biology that studies the molecular function of genes |
| polygenic inheritance | single gene contributes to more than one trait |
| identical twins | twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that split in two, creating 2 genetically identical organisms |
| fraternal twins | twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. Not as close as identical twins, but they share a fetal environment. |
| heriability | The extent to which variation among individuals comes from genes. |
| down syndrome | break in the 21st chromosome; causes mental retardation, physical deformities |
| Huntington's chorea | degeneration of basil ganglia; muscle impairment after age 40 |
| epigenetics | the study of environmental influences of gene expression that occur without a DNA change (external influence rather than internal) |
| what are the three types of studies used in human behavior genetics? | family studies, adoption studies, identical twins |
| Hindbrain | Heart rate and blood pressure |
| midbrain | vision and hearing regulation (eyes and ears in middleish part of head) |
| forebrain | regulation of emotion "it's all in your (FORE)HEAD" |
| progesterone | produced in ovaries; prepares body for pregnancy |
| kinship studies | aims to determine role that heredity and environment play in determining a trait |
| what causes differences in identical twins? | environmental factors (external) |