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Neuro Dysfunction
NPTE Neuromuscular
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inflammation of membranes of SC or brain | Meningitis |
| Which meningitis is usually sicker with more rapid time course | Bacterial |
| Infection and inflammation of brain | Encephalitis |
| S/S of brain abscess | HA, fever, brainstem compression, Focal signs in CNII & CNVI |
| AIDS dementia syndrome (ADC) | confusion, memory loss, disorientation, ataxia, weak, tremor, hypersensitivity, pain, sensory loss |
| Formation of blood clot or thrombus within cerebral arteries or branches | Cerebral thrombosis |
| Traveling bits of matter that produce occlusion & infarction in cerebral arteries | Cerebral embolism |
| Abnormal bleeding as a result of rupture of blood vessel | Cerebral hemorrhage |
| Risk factors for CVA | atherosclerosis, HTN, CD, DM2, TIA |
| Lack of oxygen to brain | Cerebral anoxia |
| Irreversible cellular damage to brain | Cerebral infarction |
| Accumulation of fluids within brain | Cerebral edema |
| ICA syndromes include | ACA syndrome and MCA syndrome |
| ACA supplies | Supplies anterior 2/3 of medial cerebral cortex. |
| ACA syndrome | CL sensory loss, CL hemiparesis, leg > arm. |
| Occlusions proximal to anterior communicating artery produce | minimal deficits due to Circle of Willis |
| MCA supplies | lateral cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, internal capsule |
| MCA syndrome | CL sensory loss, CL hemiparesis arm>leg, Broca’s aphasia, perceptual dysfunction, homonymous hemianopsia, CL los of conjugate gaze, sensory ataxia |
| Medial medullary syndrome | VBA occlusion – IL tongue paralysis, CL paralysis of arm and leg, decr sensation |
| Lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg’s) | IL cerebellar, Horner’s syndrome, dysphagia, impaired speech, decr gag reflex, IL arm/trunk/leg sensory loss, CL pain/temp loss |
| Horner’s syndrome | miosis, ptosis, decr sweating |
| Basilar artery syndrome | brain stem S/S and PCA s/s. Locked in syndrome |
| Locked in syndrome | basilar artery occlusion at level of pons. Preserved consciousness but quadriplegia, anarthria. |
| Medial inferior Pontine syndrome | IL symptoms: cerebellar, conjugate gaze paralysis, diplopia. CL symptoms: hemiparesis, decr sensation. |
| Lateral inferior pontine syndrome | IL: cerebellar, facial paralysis, conjugate gaze paralysis, deafness, tinnitus. CL: pain/temp sensation |
| PCA syndrome | CL homonymous hemianopsia, CL sensory loss, thalamic syndrome, involuntary mvmts, CL transient hemiparesis, Weber’s syndrome, visual s/s. |
| Weber’s syndrome | oculomotor nerve palsy with CL hemiplegia |
| Lesions of parieto-occipital cortex of dominant hemisphere lead to | aphasia |
| Lesions of parietal lobe of non-dominant hemisphere lead to | perceptual deficits |
| Pt with lesion of L hemisphere (R hemi) tend to be | slow, cautious, hesitant, insecure |
| Pt with lesion of R hemisphere (L hemi) tend to be | impulsive, quick, indifferent, poor judgement, overestimate abilities, underestimate problem |
| L hemisphere lesion pts learning guidelines | appropriate communication method, frequent feedback & support, do not underestimate learning ability |
| R hemisphere lesion pts learning guidelines | use verbal cues, demo may confuse, give frequent feedback, focus on slow & control, avoid spatial clutter, do not over estimate ability to learn |
Created by:
Jenwithonen
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