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Neuro Dysfunction

NPTE Neuromuscular

QuestionAnswer
Inflammation of membranes of SC or brain Meningitis
Which meningitis is usually sicker with more rapid time course Bacterial
Infection and inflammation of brain Encephalitis
S/S of brain abscess HA, fever, brainstem compression, Focal signs in CNII & CNVI
AIDS dementia syndrome (ADC) confusion, memory loss, disorientation, ataxia, weak, tremor, hypersensitivity, pain, sensory loss
Formation of blood clot or thrombus within cerebral arteries or branches Cerebral thrombosis
Traveling bits of matter that produce occlusion & infarction in cerebral arteries Cerebral embolism
Abnormal bleeding as a result of rupture of blood vessel Cerebral hemorrhage
Risk factors for CVA atherosclerosis, HTN, CD, DM2, TIA
Lack of oxygen to brain Cerebral anoxia
Irreversible cellular damage to brain Cerebral infarction
Accumulation of fluids within brain Cerebral edema
ICA syndromes include ACA syndrome and MCA syndrome
ACA supplies Supplies anterior 2/3 of medial cerebral cortex.
ACA syndrome CL sensory loss, CL hemiparesis, leg > arm.
Occlusions proximal to anterior communicating artery produce minimal deficits due to Circle of Willis
MCA supplies lateral cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, internal capsule
MCA syndrome CL sensory loss, CL hemiparesis arm>leg, Broca’s aphasia, perceptual dysfunction, homonymous hemianopsia, CL los of conjugate gaze, sensory ataxia
Medial medullary syndrome VBA occlusion – IL tongue paralysis, CL paralysis of arm and leg, decr sensation
Lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg’s) IL cerebellar, Horner’s syndrome, dysphagia, impaired speech, decr gag reflex, IL arm/trunk/leg sensory loss, CL pain/temp loss
Horner’s syndrome miosis, ptosis, decr sweating
Basilar artery syndrome brain stem S/S and PCA s/s. Locked in syndrome
Locked in syndrome basilar artery occlusion at level of pons. Preserved consciousness but quadriplegia, anarthria.
Medial inferior Pontine syndrome IL symptoms: cerebellar, conjugate gaze paralysis, diplopia. CL symptoms: hemiparesis, decr sensation.
Lateral inferior pontine syndrome IL: cerebellar, facial paralysis, conjugate gaze paralysis, deafness, tinnitus. CL: pain/temp sensation
PCA syndrome CL homonymous hemianopsia, CL sensory loss, thalamic syndrome, involuntary mvmts, CL transient hemiparesis, Weber’s syndrome, visual s/s.
Weber’s syndrome oculomotor nerve palsy with CL hemiplegia
Lesions of parieto-occipital cortex of dominant hemisphere lead to aphasia
Lesions of parietal lobe of non-dominant hemisphere lead to perceptual deficits
Pt with lesion of L hemisphere (R hemi) tend to be slow, cautious, hesitant, insecure
Pt with lesion of R hemisphere (L hemi) tend to be impulsive, quick, indifferent, poor judgement, overestimate abilities, underestimate problem
L hemisphere lesion pts learning guidelines appropriate communication method, frequent feedback & support, do not underestimate learning ability
R hemisphere lesion pts learning guidelines use verbal cues, demo may confuse, give frequent feedback, focus on slow & control, avoid spatial clutter, do not over estimate ability to learn
Created by: Jenwithonen
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