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Motion and Forces
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| reference point | an object that appears to stay in place |
| motion | when an object changes position over time when compared to a reference point |
| speed | the rate at which an object moves |
| velocity | the speed of an object in a particular direction |
| acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes |
| deceleration | acceleration in which velocity decreases |
| centripetal acceleration | acceleration that occurs in a circular motion |
| force | a push or a pull on an object |
| newton | (N) The SI Unit of force |
| net force | the force that results from combining all the forces exerted on an object |
| unbalanced force | forces on an object that cause the net force to be a number other than zero |
| balanced force | forces on an object that cause the net force to be zero |
| contact force | forces exerted on objects when objects touch |
| non-contact force | forces that are exerted on objects without touching the objects |
| friction | a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching |
| sliding friction | a force that opposes motion when two surfaces slide past each other |
| rolling friction | a force that opposes motion when an object is on rollers or wheels |
| fluid friction | a force that opposes motion in a fluid, such as liquids or gases |
| static friction | a force that opposes motion when a force is applied to an object and the object does not move |
| lubricant | a substance applied to surfaces to reduce the friction between them |
| gravity | a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses |
| weight | a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object |
| mass | the amount of matter that something is made of |
| law of universal gravitation | law that states that all objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force ; depends on their masses and the distance between them |