a fatty substance that forms an insulating coat, called a myelin sheath, around axons that allows them to function efficiently.

a junction where neurons communicate with each other, or with other kinds of cells.

a chemical that allows neurons to communicate across synapses.

the process of fulfilling one’s potential in a way that shows concern for society.

a spurt in synaptic connections of the brain that occurs from the 3rd trimester of gestation until about 2 years of age.

the rate of consumption of glucose, an indicator of energy use in the brain.

a biologically determined time period, typically early in life. In which, a child readily develops specific abilities. Change is less likely before or after the sensitive period.

a hormone that the body generates as a response to stress

Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE)

early toxic experience resulting in prolonged and intense stress, which leaves a mark on long-term brain architecture and well-being.

the brain’s ability to change the structure and function as a result of experience.

physical changes that occur as children move into adulthood, including development of primary and secondary sex characteristics and capacity for reproduction.

Nonorganic failure to thrive

failure to grow adequately without any apparent medical reason.

a sleep disturbance that consists of repeated periods without breathing, and snoring or gasping for breath.

Sudden Infant Death syndrome (SIDs)

the sudden death of an infant for whom a cause of death cannot be determined.

an agent that harms the developing fetus.

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ED 213-Ch. 2

Ch. 2 Vocabulary

Term	Definition
Myelin	a fatty substance that forms an insulating coat, called a myelin sheath, around axons that allows them to function efficiently.
Synapse	a junction where neurons communicate with each other, or with other kinds of cells.
Neurotransmitter	a chemical that allows neurons to communicate across synapses.
Self-actualization	the process of fulfilling one’s potential in a way that shows concern for society.
Synaptogenesis	a spurt in synaptic connections of the brain that occurs from the 3rd trimester of gestation until about 2 years of age.
Myelination	the development of myelin
Glucose rate	the rate of consumption of glucose, an indicator of energy use in the brain.
Sensitive period	a biologically determined time period, typically early in life. In which, a child readily develops specific abilities. Change is less likely before or after the sensitive period.
Cortisol	a hormone that the body generates as a response to stress
Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE)	early toxic experience resulting in prolonged and intense stress, which leaves a mark on long-term brain architecture and well-being.
Brain plasticity	the brain’s ability to change the structure and function as a result of experience.
Puberty	physical changes that occur as children move into adulthood, including development of primary and secondary sex characteristics and capacity for reproduction.
Nonorganic failure to thrive	failure to grow adequately without any apparent medical reason.
Apnea	a sleep disturbance that consists of repeated periods without breathing, and snoring or gasping for breath.
Sudden Infant Death syndrome (SIDs)	the sudden death of an infant for whom a cause of death cannot be determined.
Teratogen	an agent that harms the developing fetus.

Created by: Maddyjo

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