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Atoms & Elements
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Neutron | particles that have no charge |
| Proton | particles that have a positive |
| Electron | Particles that have a negative charge |
| Periodic Table | A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together. |
| Compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and the number of electrons in an atom |
| period | A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table. It tells you the number of energy levels an atom has. |
| column | A column on the periodic table. It tells you the number of electrons on the last energy level |
| electron shell | An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom. |
| valence electrons | Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom |
| Covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule |
| Ions | Charged atoms Charged particles. when a molecule gains or looses an electron |
| cation | A positively charged ion |
| anion | A NEGATIVELY CHARGED ION |
| malleable | capable of being shaped |
| ductile | A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire. |
| luster | The way a mineral reflects light |
| corrosive | (adj.) having the tendency to erode or eat away (The effect of the chemical was highly corrosive.) |
| semiconductor | A substance that can conduct electricity under some conditions A material that when combined with some other material can be turned into an insulator or a conductor. |
| Alkali Metals | Group 1, 1 electron in outer level, very reactive, soft, silver, shiny, low density; Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium |
| Alkaline Earth metals | metallic elements in group 2 of the periodic table which are harder than the alkali metals and are also less reactive |
| Halogens | Group 17. the poisonous group of elements containing Cl, F, I, etc |
| Diatomic Molecule | The simplest molecules contain only two atoms. H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 |
| conductivity | A material's ability to allow heat to flow The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object. |
| Transition metals | The elements in Groups 3-12 are transition metals. They are usually less reactive than other metals. They are able to be easily shaped. Metallic. |
| synthetic elements | Elements which do not occur naturally and are made in laboratories. |
| Boiling point | The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas |
| Melting point | The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid |
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makeichamcwilliams
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