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Physical Science
Key Terms for Physical Science day One
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Conclusion | The result or outcome of the experiment. |
| Scientific Law | A statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the universe. A scientific law always applies under the same conditions, and implies that there is a causal relationship involving its elements. |
| Scientific Theory | A set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena. |
| Quantitative Data | Information about quantities; that is, information that can be measured and written down with numbers. Some examples of quantitative data are your height, your shoe size, and the height of your vertical jump. |
| Qualitative Data | Information about qualities; information that can not actually be measured. Some examples of qualitative data are the softness of your skin, the color of your eyes, and how much you care for something. |
| Data | Observations and measurements collected for reference and/or analysis from scientific experiments. |
| Scientific Method | An organized method or procedure to investigate phenomena, get new knowledge, and correct errors. It consists of making observations, taking measurements, and conducting experiments in order to formulate, test, and modify hypotheses. |
| Hypothesis | An educated guess or proposed explanation about how something works that is possible to test to prove it right or wrong. |
| Bar Graph | To show comparison. |
| Line Graph | To show how a particular data changes at equal intervals of time. |
| Circle Graph | To show a visual picture of a proportion compared to a whole by using percentages. |
| Significant Figures | Those digits of a number that carry meaning contributing to its accuracy. |
| Dimensional Analysis | A mathematical system using conversion factors to move from one unit of measurement to a different unit of measurement. |
| Variables | Factors in an experiment you are trying to measure. |
| Control Variables | The factors that remain the same and constant in the experiment. If an experimenter is measuring if fertilizer affects a plant's height growth, then the control variables would be the amount of sunlight, amount of water, type of plant, size of pot, etc. |
| SI system | The modern metric system of measurement and the dominant system of international commerce and trade. |
| Accuracy | The ability of a measurement to match the actual value of the quantity being measured. |
| Precision | The ability of a measurement to be consistently reproduced. |
| Scientific Notation | A method of writing or displaying large or small numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. The scientific notation of 10,492, for example, is 1.0492 × 104. |
| Independent Variable | The variables that the experimenter changes to test their dependent variable. It stands alone and is not changed by the other variables the experimenter is trying to measure. |
| Dependent Variable | 'Dependent' on the independent variable. As the experimenter changes the independent variable, the change in the dependent variable is observed and recorded. |
| X-axis | The horizontal axis of a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. The location the independent variable is plotted. |
| Y-axis | The vertical axis of a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. The location the dependent variable is plotted. |
Created by:
Obi-Wan Kenobi
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