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Pharm 5018 ETSU NP

cH 13 Over-the-Counter Medications

QuestionAnswer
OTC Medications 42% of adults take an OTC medication. 49% report dietary supplement use. Assume all patients have tried an OTC treatment.
OTC Medications OTC drugs are approved and labeled by the FDA. OTC must go through the New Drug Application process just as prescription drugs. There are 80 therapeutic categories of OTC drugs.
Annual OTC Medication Sales Cough and cold medications: $4 billion OTC analgesics: $3.99 billion Heartburn: $2.28 billion Laxatives: $1.3 billion
Annual OTC Medication Sales Acne: $617 million Diarrhea: $225 million Nicotine replacement: $855 million
OTC Drugs An OTC drug has the following characteristics: It must be safe. It has low potential for misuse or abuse.
OTC Drugs It can be labeled. The patient must be able to self-diagnose the condition/The condition must be able to be managed by the patient.
Self-Prescribing The patient must accurately diagnose and appropriately treat/Concerns/Treating serious illness that worsens due to lack of appropriate treatment
Self-Prescribing Example: treating bacterial pneumonia with OTC cough medication Adverse effects of medications Drug interactions
Hazards of OTC Self-Medication Inaccurate dosing Toxic levels due to overdose Acetaminophen toxicity Overuse
Hazards of OTC Self-Medication Combination medications Decongestant medications in infants/young children
Hazards of OTC Self-Medication Infant drops removed from market Relabeled not to use under age 4 years
Adverse Effects of OTC Medications Gastrointestinal (GI) upset/GI bleeding/Sedation/ Impaired driving/Drug interactions
OTC Medication Abuse Dextromethorphan abuse Dysphoria at high doses similar to lysergic acid diethylamide Easily accessible for teens
OTC Medication Abuse Pseudoephedrine Precursor to methamphetamine
OTC Medication Abuse Federal law restricting daily and 30-day amounts Stored behind counter and identification required
Created by: palmerag
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