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Aerosol Therapy Ex 2

QuestionAnswer
What is bronchoconstriction? Condition in which the lumen of the airways is decreased or constricted
What are the three types of bronchoconstriction? Bronchospasm, Mucosal Edema, Secretions
What type of drug is used to treat bronchospasm? Bronchodilators
What type of drug is used to treat mucosal edema? Corticosteroids
What type of drug is used to treat secretions? Mucolytics
What are the sympathetic receptor sites? Beta 1, Beta 2, Alpha
What is the effect of stimulating the Beta 1 receptor? Increased HR and force
What is the effect of stimulating the Beta 2 receptor? Bronchodilation
What is the effect of stimulating the Alpha receptor? Vasoconstriction
What are the "Front Door Meds"? Ultra Short Acting, SABA, LABA
What are the Ultra Short Acting Beta Agonists? Epinephrine (Adrenaline Chloride) and Racemic Epinephrine (Nephron, MicroNefrin, S-2)
What are the SABAs? Levalbuterol (Xopenex), Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil), Metaproterenol (Alupent)
What are the LABAs? Salmeterol (Serevent), Arformoterol (Brovana), Formoterol (Foradil)
What are the back door meds? Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent), Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva), Oxitropium Bromide (Oxivent)
What are the side door meds? Theophylline (Theo-Dur), Aminophylline, Caffeine Citrate (Cafcit)
What is the SVN dosage for Ventolin? 0.5 mL of a 0.5% solution (2.5 mg) QID
What are the SVN dosages for Levalbuterol (Brovana)? 0.31 mg/3 mL TID, 0.63 mg/ mL TID, 1.25 mg/3 mL TID
Which bronchodilators can NOT be given via aerosol? Xanthines
What is the brand name for N-Acetylcysteine? Mucomyst
What is the mode of action for N-Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)? Reduces viscosity of secretions by breaking disulfide bonds
What are the % solutions for Mucomyst (N-Acetylcysteine)? 10% and 20%
What are corticosteroids used to treat? Inflammation; reduce mucosal edema
What are the adverse effects than can occur with aerosolized steroids? Thrush
What is the brand name for Budesonide? Pulmicort
What is the brand name for Flunisolide? Aerobid
What is the brand name for Cromolyn Sodium? Intal
What is the mode of action for Cromolyn Sodium? Mast cell stabilizer (prevents degranulation or breakdown by thickening wall)
What is Cromolyn Sodium used to treat? Prophylactic asthma drug
What is the composition of pulmonary surfactant? 85% phospholipids, neutral lipids, proteins
What is the function of pulmonary surfactant? Reduce surface tension, increase pulmonary compliance, and prevent alveolar collapse (atelectasis)
How is pulmonary surfactant normally produced? Produced by alveolar type II cells, stimulated by yawning or sighing
What are the surfactant replacement drugs? Beractant (Survanta), Calfactant (Infasurf), Poractant Alfa (Curosurf)
What solutions are used for bland aerosol (wetting agents)? Isotonic/ Normal Saline (0.9%), Hypotonic Saline (0.45%), and Hypertonic Saline (3%)
What is the proper breathing pattern to use during an SVN treatment? Why is this important? Breath normally with an occasion deep breath and breath hold for 10 sec; improves deposition of medication
What is the appropriate flow range for an SVN? 6-10 LPM
When should the canister be activated when giving an MDI? At the start of inspiration
How can you tell if the MDI is empty? Place in a bowl of water, if empty, it will float on its side
What is a spacer used for? To improve medication delivery
What is the normal range for pH? 7.35-7.45
What is the normal range for PaCO2? 35-45 mmHg
What is the normal range for HCO3-? 22-26 mEq/L
What is the normal range for PaO2? 80-100 mmHg
Created by: ashconrad417
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