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Neuro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Meclizine Hydrochloride Classes | Func. class.: Antiemetic, antihistamine, anticholinergic Chem. class.: H1-receptor antagonist, piperazine derivative ACTION: Acts centrally by blocking chemoreceptor trigger zone, which in turn acts on vomiting center USES: Vertigo, motion sickness |
| Zolpidem Tartrate Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Sedative-hypnotic Chem. class.: Nonbenzodiazepine of imidazopyridine class Produces CNS depression at limbic, thalamic, hypothalamic; results are sedation, hypnosis, skeletal muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, anxiolytic action |
| traZODone Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant—miscellaneous Chem. class.: Triazolopyridine ACTION: Selectively inhibits serotonin, norepinephrine uptake by brain, potentiates behavioral changes used: depression |
| Citalopram Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant Chem. class.: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) ACTION: Inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin; weak inhibitor of CYP450 enzyme system, making it more appealing than other products Uses: major depression |
| Escitalopram Oxalate Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ACTION: Inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin but not of norepinephrine USES: Anxiety; major depressive disorder in adults/adolescents |
| Fluoxetine Hydrochloride Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Action: Inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin but not of norepinephrine USES: MDD, OCD, bulimia; Sarafem: premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), panic disorder |
| Paroxetine Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Chem. class.: Phenylpiperidine derivative ACTION: Inhibits CNS neuron reuptake of serotonin but not of norepinephrine or DOPamine Uses: OCD, MDD, anxiety |
| Sertraline Hydrochloride Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant Chem. class.: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ACTION: Inhibits serotonin reuptake in CNS, increasing action of serotonin; doesn't affect DOPamine&norepinephrine USES: depression, OCD, PTSD, social anxiety, panic |
| Duloxetine Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant, Chem. class: Serotonin, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) ACTION: potentiate serotoninergic, noradrenergic activity in CNS; USES: MDD, neuropathic pain associated w/ diabetic neuropathy |
| Desvenlafaxine Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant, serotonin-receptor norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) Action:blocking the central presynaptic reuptake of 5-HT and NE, increased sustained level of these neurotransmitters. Uses: MDD |
| Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Second-generation SNRI antidepressant—miscellaneous ACTION:Potent inhibitor of neuronal serotonin & norepinephrine uptake, weak inhibitor of dopamine; no muscarinic, histaminergic, or α-adrenergic receptors in vitro |
| Amitriptyline Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant—tricyclic Chem. class.: Tertiary amine ACTION: Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin into nerve endings that increase action of norepinephrine, serotonin in nerve cells Uses: depression |
| Nortriptyline Hydrochloride Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant, tricyclic Chem. class.: Dibenzocycloheptene, secondary amine Action: Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin into nerve endings, inc. action of norepinephrine, has anticholinergic effects Uses: Major depression |
| Mirtazapine Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Antidepressant Chem. class.: Tetracyclic ACTION: Blocks reuptake of norep., serotonin into nerve endings, inc. action of norep, serotonin in nerve cells; blocks histamine receptors; has anticholinergic action USES: Depression |
| Bupropion Classes | Func. class.: Antidepressant—miscellaneous, smoking deterrent Chem. class.: Aminoketone ACTION: Inhibits reuptake of DOPamine, norepinephrine, serotonin USES: Depression, smoking cessation; seasonal affective disorder, substance abuse, glaucoma, CHF |
| Alprazolam Classes | Func. class.: Antianxiety/sedative/hypnotic Chem. class.: Benzodiazepine, short/intermediate acting ACTION: Depresses subcortical levels of CNS, including USES: Anxiety, panic disorders (agoraphobia), anxiety with depression |
| clonazePAM classes | Func. class: Anticonvulsant Chem. class: Benzodiazepine derivative Inhibits spike, wave formation in absence seizures, dec. amplitude, frequency, duration, in motor seizures USES: Absence, atypical absence, akinetic, seizures, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome |
| Diazepam Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Antianxiety, anticonvulsant, Action: Potentiates the actions of GABA, especially in limbic system, reticular formation; enhances presympathetic inhibition, inhibits spinal polysynaptic afferent paths |
| Lorazepam Classes & Uses | Func. class:Sedative-hypnotic, antianxiety agent Chem. class:Benzodiazepine, short acting ACTION: Potentiates the actions of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, (limbic system), depresses the CNS Uses: Anxiety, irritability in psychiatric or organic |
| Temazepam Classes | Func class: Sedative-hypnotic Chem class: Benzodiazepine, short-intermediate CNS depression at limbic, thalamic, hypothalamic levels of the CNS may be mediated by (GABA) =sedation, hypnosis skeletal muscle relaxation anticonvulsant activity insomnia |
| Buspirone Hydrochloride Classes & Uses | Func class: Antianxiety, sedative Chem class: Azaspirodecanedione inhibits action of serotonin; binds to serotonin&dopamine receptors; inc norep metabolism; little potential for abuse *Manages short term relief of anxiety |
| Amphetamine | Func. class: phenethylamine used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy, and obesity. |
| Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride Class & Uses | Func. class.: Central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, psychostimulant A:inc release of norep&dopamine into the extraneuronal space;blocks reuptake of norep&dope into the presynaptic neuron; Uses: treats ADHD |
| Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride Action | |
| Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Classes | Func. class.: CNS stimulant Chem. class.: Amphetamine ACTION: Increases release of norepinephrine, DOPamine in cerebral cortex to reticular activating system USES: Attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD), binge eating disorder |
| Methylphenidate Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Cerebral stimulant Chem. class.: Piperidine derivative A: Inc release of norep&dopamine in cerebral cortex to reticular activating system; unknown U: ADHD, narcolepsy (except Concerta, Metadate CD Ritalin LA), attention deficit disorder |
| Lithium Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Antimanic, antipsychotic Chem. class.: Alkali metal ion salt ACTION: May alter Na+, K+ ion transport across cell membrane in nerve, muscle cells; may balance biogenic amines of norep, serotonin in CNS areas involved in emotional response |
| Aripiprazole Classes & Uses | Func class: Antipsychotic/neuroleptic A: unknown; may be mediated through both dopamine type 2&serotonin type 2; antagonism, dopamine system stabilizer Uses: Schizo, bipolar disorder, agitation, mania, MDD, short/mixed bipolar disorder, autisum |
| Risperidone | Func. class.: Antipsychotic Chem. class.: Benzisoxazole derivative ACTION: (Uknown) may be mediated through both DOPamine type 2 and serotonin type 2 USES: Irritability associated with autism, bipolar disorder, mania, schizophrenia |
| Quetiapine Fumarate Classes | Func. class.: Antipsychotic Chem. class.: Dibenzodiazepine ACTION: Functions as an antagonist at multiple neurotransmitter receptors in the brain USES: Bipolar disorder, depression, mania, schizophrenia |
| Divalproex Sodium Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Adrenergic direct-acting β1-agonist, inotropic agent, cardiac stimulant Chem. class.: Catecholamine Action: Causes inc. contractility, inc. cardiac output without marked increase in HR |
| Phenytoin Classes & Uses | Func class:Anticonvulsant/antidysrhythmic Chem class:Hydantoin ACTION: Inhibits the reorganization of the microtubule network needed for interphase and mitotic cellular functions; causes abnormal bundles of microtubules during cell cycle |
| Gabapentin Classes & Action | Func. class.: Anticonvulsant Chem. class.: GABA analogue ACTION: Mechanism unknown; may increase seizure threshold USES: Adjunct treatment of partial seizures, with or without generalization in patients >12 yr; primary restless leg syndrome in adults |
| Lamotrigine Classes | Func. class.: Anticonvulsant—miscellaneous Chem. class.: Phenyltriazine ACTION: May inhibit voltage-sensitive sodium channels, decreasing seizures USES: treatment of seizures, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, bipolar disorder |
| Levetiracetam Classes | Func. class.: Anticonvulsant ACTION: Unknown; may inhibit nerve impulses by limiting influx of sodium ions across cell membrane in motor cortex USES: therapy in partial-onset seizures, primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonic seizures |
| Oxcarbazepine Classes | Func. class.: Anticonvulsant Action: May inhibit nerve impulses by limiting influx of sodium ions across cell membrane in motor cortex USES:Partial seizures |
| Pregabalin Classes & Uses | Func. class.: Anticonvulsant ACTION: Binds to calcium channels in CNS tissues; resulting in anticonvulsant action, similar to the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA; anxiolytic, analgesic, and antiepileptic properties |
| Topiramate Classes | Func. class.: Anticonvulsant—miscellaneous Chem. class.: Monosaccharide derivative ACTION:Increased GABA activity; may prevent seizure spread as opposed to an elevation of seizure threshold used for child seizures |
| Benztropine Mesylate Classes | Func. class.: Cholinergic blocker, antiparkinson agent Chem. class.: Tertiary amine ACTION: Blockade of central ACH receptors in the CNS; neurotransmitters are balanced, balances cholinergic activity USES:Parkinsonian symptoms, |
| Ropinirole Hydrochloride Classes | Func. class.: Antiparkinsonian agent Chem. class.: Dopamine-receptor agonist, nonergot ACTION: Agonist for D2 receptors; binding at D3 receptor contributes to antiparkinson effects USES: Parkinsonism, restless legs syndrome |
| Donepezil Hydrochloride Classes | Func. class.: Anti-Alzheimer’s agent Chem. class.: Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor A: Elevates acetylcholine concentrations; slowing degradation of acetylcholine released in cholinergic neurons; treats dementia in Alzheimer’s |
| Memantine rx Classes | Func. class.: Anti–Alzheimer’s disease agent Chem. class.: NMDA receptor antagonist ACTION: Antagonist action of CNS NMDA receptors that may contribute to the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease used to treat dementia caused |
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