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SW licensure II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| independent variable | a variable that is believed to affect or alter the status of another variable (the DV) |
| dependent variable | variable who's status depends on the status of another variable (DV is out the outcome of the treatment) |
| stratified random samplin | used to ensure that each "strata" or population characteristic is represented in the samle (gender, age, education, socioeconomic status, ethnic, etc.) |
| cluster sampling | selecting units (clusters) and randomly selecting individuals from those units. Used when not possible to identify or obtain access to the entire pop. of interest |
| quasi-experimental research | investigates the effets of an IV on a DV but does not provide the same degree of control as true experimental research. The assignment of subjects to treatment groups cannot be controlled due to pre-existing groups, organismic IV, or only 1 group |
| ex-pos facto research | after the fact study to assess effects of IV afte rit has occurred. cannot randomly assign subjects to treatment groups |
| extraneous variable | variable that is irrelevant to the purpose of a research study but confounds the study's results because it has an effect on the DV |
| ANCOVA | analysis of covariance - used to remove variability on DV due to extraneous variable |
| factorial design | a study which includes two or more IV |
| mixed design | measures the DV over time or across trials. |
| nominal scale | measurement divides variables into unordered categories. political affiliation, eye color, dsm diagnosis, etc. |
| ordinal scale | numbered categories, ranks. cannot tell difference between scores like interval |
| interval scale | has property of order and equal intervals between successive points |
| ratio scale | properties of order, and equal intervals, and property of absolute zero point |
| null hypothesis | no relationship between IV and DV |
| chi-square test | study involves nominal data (or data reported in terms of frequency) Ex compare the number of people who prefer one of four political candidates |
| Mann-Whitney U test | study includes 2 independent groups and data on DV is reported in terms of ranks. test determines if ranks of observation in one group are equivalent to the other group |
| T test | used for a single sample when a study only includes one group and the mean will be compared to a population mean |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance - compare two or more means |
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