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Med Gases Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the standard working pressure? | 50 psig |
| What is the tank factor for an H(or K) tank? | 3.14 |
| What is the tank factor for a G tank? | 2.41 |
| What is the tank factor for an E tank? | 0.28 |
| What color is an Oxygen tank? | Green |
| What color is a compressed air tank? | Yellow |
| What color is a helium tank? | Brown |
| What color is a carbon dioxide tank? | Gray |
| What color is a carbogen tank? | Gray shoulder with green body |
| What color is a heliox tank? | Brown should with green body |
| What color is a nitrous oxide tank? | Light blue |
| What color is a cyclopropane tank? | Orange |
| What color is a ethylene oxide tank? | Red |
| What color is a nitrogen tank? | Black |
| What is the formula for cylinder duration? | Gauge Pressure x Factor / flow (lpm) = # min of gas flow left in tank |
| What are the therapeutic uses for helium? | Used to treat sever airway obstruction/ status asthmaticus |
| What are the associated hazards with helium? | Cannot support life, breathing 100% would cause suffocation |
| How much gas can an H(or K) tank hold in cubic feet? | 244 cubic feet |
| How much gas can a G tank hold in cubic feet? | 187 cubic feet |
| How much gas can an E tank hold in cubic feet? | 22 cubic feet |
| How much gaseous oxygen does an H(or K) tank hold? | 6900 liters |
| How much gaseous oxygen does a G tank hold? | 5260 liters |
| How much gaseous oxygen does an E tank hold? | 622 liters |
| What is the psi of a full H (or K), G, and E cylinder? | 2200 psi |
| What are the three types of gases? | Laboratory, Therapeutic, and Anesthetic |
| What are laboratory gases used for? | Used for equipment calibration and diagnostic testing |
| What are therapeutic gases used for? | Used to relieve symptoms and improve oxygenation of patients with hypoxemia |
| What are anesthetic gases used for? | Combined with oxygen to provide anesthesia during surgery |
| What are the three fire-risk classifications? | Non-flammable, oxidizing, and flammable |
| What are the three Safety Index Connector Systems? | ASSS-American Safety Standard System, PISS-Pin Index Safety System, DISS-Diameter Index Safety System |
| What is the American Safety Standard System (ASSS) used for? | Large cylinders and their attachments (larger than E); uses different thread pitches |
| What is the Diameter Index Safety System (DISS) used for? | For low pressure gas connectors <200 psig; male and female matching type system |
| What is the Pin Index Safety System (PISS) used for? | Small cylinders and their attachments; E tank or smaller; no threaded connection, two pins. 1 & 5 C/A connection, 2 & 5 O2 connection |
| One liter of liquid oxygen (LOX) equals how many liters of gaseous oxygen? | 860 liters |
| How much does one liter of liquid oxygen (LOX) weigh? | 2.5 lbs |
| One pound of liquid oxygen (LOX) equals how many liters of gaseous oxygen? | 344 liters |
| What is Pascal's Law? | The pressure at any point in a closed container is equal to the pressure at any other point in the container |
| What is the purpose of "cracking" the tank? | Removes dust and debris from outlet |
| How many times more soluble in the blood is CO2 than O2? | 20 times |
| What is brownian movement? | Frantic, haphazard movement of molecules in a gas or liquid |
| How should medical gas cylinders be stored? | Always used proper cart/ stands, never lay cylinders on the floor, sometimes E cylinders are laid on the patient's bed or in a slot under the bed |
| How is liquid O2 stored? | Must be stored below -181.4 F or reverts to gas state; stored in cryogenic tanks |
| What is a zone valve? | Located throughout a facility, can be shut down for maintenance or in case of fire |
| How do you accurately read a flowmeter that utilizes a float? | Read flow at middle of ball |
| What are the signs of hypoxia? | Tachycardia, hypertension, dizziness, mental confusion |
| What are the four types of hypoxia? | Hypoxic, anemic, circulatory, histoxic |
| What causes hypoxic hypoxia? | Low arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) |
| What causes anemic hypoxia? | Anemia, hemorrhage (Uncommon: Carboxyhemoglobin/ Methemoglobin) |
| What causes circulatory hypoxia? | Slow or stagnant (pooling) peripheral blood flow, arterial venous shunts, can be congenital, develop after surgery or trauma, or purposely created as a medical treatment |
| What causes histoxic hypoxia? | Cyanide poisoning |
| What causes low arterial O2 tension (PaO2) associated with hypoxic hypoxia? | Hypoventilation, high altitude, diffusion impairment (interstitial fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary edema), ventilation-perfusion mismatch, pulmonary shunting |
| What causes left shift in O2 dissociation curve? | Increased pH (alkalosis), decreased CO2, decreased body temperature, tighter binding; great affinity for Hgb, false sense of security: tissues starving for O2 despite high Hgb saturation |
| What causes right shift in O2 dissociation curve? | Decreased pH (acidosis), increased CO2, increased body temperature, loose binding; O2 has less affinity for Hgb, tissues are oxygenated more easily, despite normal ABG |
| What are the five branching airways from mainstem to bronchioles? | Mainstem bronchi, lobar bronchi, segmental bronchi, subsegmental bronchi, bronchioles |
| What are the five obstructive diseases? | Cystic Fibrosis, Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema, Asthma, Bronchiectasis |
| What is the distinguishing characteristic of Cystic Fibrosis? | Poor body development, foul smelling stool in infants |
| What is the distinguishing characteristic of Chronic Bronchitis? | "Blue bloaters" - cyanotic and peripheral edema |
| What is the distinguishing characteristic of Asthma? | Cough with excessive white, thick, tenacious sputum |
| What is the distinguishing characteristic of Bronchiectasis? | Sputum will form three layers |
| What is the distinguishing characteristic of Emphysema? | "Pink Puffers" - Barrel chest and reddish skin |
| What is a regulator? | Controls both flow and pressure |
| What is a reducing valve? | Used to reduce gas pressure to a usable level |
| What is a safety relief valve? | Vent the gas to the atmosphere if the tank is heated; prevent tank pressure from becoming too high |
| How are small quantities of O2 produced? | Produced through chemical methods such as; electrolysis of water and decomposition or sodium chlorate |
| How are large quantities of O2 produced? | Functional distillation and physical seperation |
| What is O2 used for? | Relieving and treating symptoms associated with low O2 |
| Does O2 support combustion? | Yes |
| What is CO2 used for? | Mixed with O2 to treat singultus and atelectasis |
| Does CO2 support combustion? | No |
| What are the heliox conversion factors? | 80/20: 1.8, 70/30: 1.6, 60/40: 1.4 |
Created by:
ashconrad417
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