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PCO Final
Patient Care in Radiography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the effects of exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation? | Increased risk of cancer, leukemia, birth defects, and cataracts |
| What is the lowest patient dose? | High kVp, low mAs |
| What is RAD? | Radiation unit used to measure patient dose |
| What is Rem? | Radiation unit used to measure dose equivalents for occupational exposure |
| What is R? | Radiation unit determined to measure ionization of air |
| What does WF mean? | Factor quantifies relative health risks of various types of radiation |
| What is SV? | Radiation unit used to measure dose equivalent for occupational exposure |
| What is Gy? | Radiation unit used to measure patient dose |
| Non-stochastic radiation effects? | Predictable; short term |
| Short term reddening of the skin? | Erythema |
| 1 rad equals how many Grays? | 1 cGy |
| Stochastic radiation effects? | Random; long term |
| 3 components that must be present for a fire to burn? | Fuel, oxygen, and heat |
| Most common cause of fires in Rad department? | Electrical fires |
| What does PASS mean? | Pull; Aim; Squeeze; Sweep |
| What does RACE mean? | Rescue; Alarm; Contain; Extinguish/Evacuate |
| What is the base of support? | Portion of the body in contact with the floor or other horizontal surface |
| When lifting..? | Bend your knees and keep your back straight |
| When a spill occurs? | Limit access to the area |
| Which microorganisms occur as yeasts or molds and can infect the skin, nail beds, and scalp? | Fungi |
| Cycle of infection basics? | Pathogen; Mode of transmission; Susceptible host |
| The portal of entry describes the..? | Method by which the pathogen enters the body |
| The transport of microorganisms by means of contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood is referred to as? | Vehicle |
| Subcellular organisms that are among the smallest known disease-causing microorganisms are called? | Viruses |
| Which microorganisms are classified according to their shape and a staining process? | Bacteria |
| Passive immunity is immunity that occurs as result of..? | Injection of preformed antibodies |
| A spirochete is an example of a..? | Bacterium |
| Single-celled animals that are classified according to whether or not they are motile are called? | Protozoa |
| Properties of pathogens that distinguish them from normal flora are called? | Virulence factors |
| Which type of microorganism is very difficult to treat medically? | Viruses |
| Immunity that is passed from mother to child in the mothers milk is..? | Passive Immunity |
| The practice of separating infectious patients from others and carefully controlling items that come in contact with them is called..? | Isolation technique |
| Under the system of protective precautions, the radiographer who handles the x-ray unit..? | Drops image receptor into a clean or sterile cover |
| A patient diagnosed with contagious respiratory infection is being transported to the radiology department. What must be done to prevent transmission of the patients infection? | Patient must wear a mask |
| If a patient has a multi drug-resistant wound infection, which precaution would be used to reduce risk of transmission? | Contact precaution |
| Reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted to an individual is called? | Medical asepsis |
| Sterilization method that uses vaporized hydrogen peroxide and is the fastest and safest is..? | Gas Plasma |
| First step to putting on open gloves? | Grasp fold |
| Surgical hand rub is alternative to..? | Surgical hand scrub |
| When you are scheduled for lunch and you have not completed a procedure, the best thing to do is..? | Postpone your meal until the procedure is complete |
| When a patient orders NPO for a patient, this means that..? | Nothing is to be given by mouth |
| A conscious patient whose hands are moist and trembling is most likely suffering from..? | Anxiety |
| Joan Gordan, 72, has dentures, glasses, and a hearing aid. You should..? | Place them in a container in the x-ray room and inform her of their location |
| Fear and anxiety cause many patients to suffer from dry mouth. When a patient complains, you should..? | Check the chart before offering anything |
| When a patient needs to void during an examination in the imaging department..? | Chart should be checked to see if qualitative specimens are needed |
| A body position in which the patient is lying on his/her back with the head and upper body elevated is called? | Fowlers position |
| Patients who suffer from orthopnea need to have..? | Their head elevated in order to breath |
| Recumbent refers to a position in which the patient is..? | Lying down |
| To avoid the possibility of decubitus ulcer formation in the elderly, the radiographer should..? | Ensure that the patients skin stays clean and dry; avoid bumps that may cause contusion/abrasions to skin; proved padding under bony prominences |
| 110/78 Hg is a typical measurement for which vital sign? | Blood pressure |
| Normal heart rate? | 60 to 100 bpm |
| If the pulse is slow or irregular, you may want to take what kind of pulse? | Apical |
| Tachycardia is..? | Rapid heart rate |
| A weak or thready pulse may indicate that the heart..? | Is not pumping enough blood |
| Normal adult respiratory rate? | 12 to 20 breaths per minute |
| Indication of impaired kidney function? | Creatine |
| Monitors pulse rate and blood oxygen levels by placing on finger, toe, or earlobe..? | Pulse oximeter |
| What does PVC mean? | Premature ventricular contractions |
| When are body temperatures the lowest? | In the morning |
| First step in a wheelchair to bed transfer is..? | Position wheelchair parallel top patients bed with wheels locked and footrests out of the way |
| What is a gait belt? | Assisting patients who are weak or unsteady |
| A slider board or slider mat can be used to? | Facilitate a stretcher transfer |
| When an overweight patient arrives in a wheelchair and cannot stand to get onto the x-ray table, which method is most appropriate? | Hydraulic lift |
| Patients who have not stood or walked since an accident, surgery, stroke, or heart attack should be transported by..? | Stretcher |
| Infants and toddlers are transported by..? | Cribs |
| A feeling of faintness or light-headedness that occurs with changes in body positions after a long period of rest is termed..? | Orthostatic Hypotension |
| A drug usually takes effect most rapidly when administered..? | Intravenously |
| Administering nitroglycerine under the patients tongue is and example of? | Sublingual administation |
| The proper height of an IV bottle or bag is? | 18 to 20 inches above the vein |
| When an IV is running at the rate of 15 to 20 gtt/min, the patient will receive approximately..? | 60 ml/hr |
| Failure to apply pressure to the vein after discontinuing an IV can result in..? | Hematoma |
| Which of the following sites is preferred when giving IM injections to children? | Vastus lateralis musdcle |
| A medication often prescribed for self-administration by patients who suffer from angina pectoris is..? | Nitroglycerine |
| If an IV infusion runs too fast, it may cause..? | Pulmonary edema |
| An infusion is a slow delivery of medication by means of gravity flow into..? | Vein |
| A serious, unexpected event that demands immediate attention is..? | Emergency |
| Patients who are having difficulty breathing and who do not have emphysema may safely receive supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula at a flow rate of..? | 1 to 6 L/min |
| Which type of oxygen administration device supplies patient with 100% oxygen? | Non-rebreather |
| A procedure that is ordered as STAT who be performed..? | Immediately |
| Trauma patients should only be removed from the backboard if/when? | Their spines have been cleared by physician |
| Lack of effective circulation to central nervous system can cause brain damage in..? | 3 to 5 min |
| Vital sign that indicates shock is..? | Blood pressure |
| Shock resulting from excessive loss of blood or plasma is..? | Hypovolemic Shock |
| Not a sign of shock..? | Hypertension |
| Foreign body obstruction suspected in children when there is a sudden onset of..? | Coughing or strider |
Created by:
eortiz494
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