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Atomic structure
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atoms | Smallest particles of an element that maintains the characteristics of that element. |
Atoms consists of | Nucleus composed of protons and neutrons |
Electrons | Lighter particles that orbit the nucleus |
Element | Atoms that are similar to one another but are different from the atoms of other elements |
Compounds | Atoms of two or more elements |
Chemical reaction | Involves the rearrangement, separation or combination of atoms |
Isotopes | Different atoms of the same element |
Bonds | Atoms combine chemically with one another |
Compound Bond | atoms of two or more different elements combine |
Ionic bond | one atom gains electrons while the other atom loses electrons from the outermost level or orbit |
Covalent bond | Bond where the atoms share electrons to fill their outermost levels |
Examples of ionic bonds | Mineral salts such as: Sodium Chloride Potassium Calcium Phosphate |
Examples of covalent bonds | Four and the most important elements form this Bond: Carbon (C) Oxygen (O) Hydrogen (H) Nitrogen (N) |
Hydrogen bond | |
Energy | The ability to work |
4 most important elements | 1. Carbon (C) 2. Oxygen (O) 3. Hydrogen (H) 4. Nitrogen (N) |