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Atomic structure
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atoms | Smallest particles of an element that maintains the characteristics of that element. |
| Atoms consists of | Nucleus composed of protons and neutrons |
| Electrons | Lighter particles that orbit the nucleus |
| Element | Atoms that are similar to one another but are different from the atoms of other elements |
| Compounds | Atoms of two or more elements |
| Chemical reaction | Involves the rearrangement, separation or combination of atoms |
| Isotopes | Different atoms of the same element |
| Bonds | Atoms combine chemically with one another |
| Compound Bond | atoms of two or more different elements combine |
| Ionic bond | one atom gains electrons while the other atom loses electrons from the outermost level or orbit |
| Covalent bond | Bond where the atoms share electrons to fill their outermost levels |
| Examples of ionic bonds | Mineral salts such as: Sodium Chloride Potassium Calcium Phosphate |
| Examples of covalent bonds | Four and the most important elements form this Bond: Carbon (C) Oxygen (O) Hydrogen (H) Nitrogen (N) |
| Hydrogen bond | |
| Energy | The ability to work |
| 4 most important elements | 1. Carbon (C) 2. Oxygen (O) 3. Hydrogen (H) 4. Nitrogen (N) |