Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
4TH QTR MICROBIOLOGY
Ms. Perkins- Microbiology- Test #2- Control of Microorganisms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| free flowing steam is about equal to | boiling |
| which of the following is not a phenolic compound | glutaraldehyde |
| why are ultraviolet rays lethal to bacteria | they damage the DNA or RNA of the microbe |
| what process is used to destroy something of no value | incineration |
| an agent that liberates gases for the purpose of destroying macroscopic life forms is a | fumigant |
| the process of passing a liquid through a material with pores so small that bacteria cannot pass through is | filtration |
| which of the following is the killing of all forms of life | sterilization |
| the most effective method of a sterilization is | steam under pressure |
| which of these is a chemical agent capable of killing viral organisms | virucide |
| which of the following is used as a standard to measure the efficiency of chemical disinfectants | phenol |
| which of these processes will destroy bacteria at 121 degrees celsius | steam under pressure |
| which of these chemical agents is a member of the quaternary ammonium compound family | benzalkonium chloride |
| which of these agents will kill bacteria | bactericide |
| which of the following is not an effective disinfectant | soap |
| the most commonly used agent for the process of sterilization is | heat |
| the condition in which bacteria are prevented from growing and reproducing is | bacteriostasis |
| which of the following will inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction | an antiseptic |
| which of these is least effective in achieving a sterile environment | boiling |
| which mechanical method of sanitation is likely to be used in the practice of mortuary hygiene | scrubbing |
| if a chemical is more effective then phenol the coefficient is | a multiple of 1 |
| for disinfection alcohol is most effective in a | seventy percent solution |
| which of the following is not a factor in the action of a chemical disinfectant | time of day |
| the polyatomic ion of hypochlorite is composed of chlorine | oxygen |
| the killing or removal of all pathogenic microorganisms is | disinfection |
| which of these chemical agents is often referred to as phenol | carbolic acid |
| which of these is primarily bacteriostatic in its action | cold |
| which of these chemical agents is described as a coal tar derivative | phenol |
| what agent destroys yeasts and molds | fungicide |
| embalming is both | disinfection and preservation |
| sterilization is a process of completely | removing or destroying all life forms |
| sterilization provides what level of microbial growth control | the highest |
| what is the highest level of microbial growth control | sterilization |
| what kills spores | sterilization |
| disinfection is | the destruction of disease causing microorganisms or pathogens |
| disease causing microorganisms | pathogens |
| disinfection does not kill endospores but it does kill most | vegetative microorganisms |
| antisepsis | bacteriostasis |
| antisepsis is | the prevention or inhibiting of the growth of causative or pathogenic microorganisms |
| which process can be used on living tissue because not as harsh as disinfectants | antiseptics |
| the use of antiseptics does not result in the immediate killing of the organism, it simply | stops or greatly inhibits the growth of bacteria |
| greek to stand still | sepsis |
| physical / mechanical methods of control | scrubbing filtration sedimentation heat cold ultraviolet UV light |
| chemical methods of control | disinfectant germicide bactericide fungicide virucide viricide insecticide larvicide fumigation |
| methods of control | physical / mechanical and chemical |
| scrubbing is | manual process by which microorganisms are removed |
| scrubbing may be facilitated by the use of | soaps detergents or disinfectants |
| filtration is | the use of biological filters to mechanically remove bacteria from liquids |
| sedimentation is when | heavier particles settle to the bottom of the container |
| heat | kills microorganisms |
| heat kills microorganisms by | denaturing proteins |
| proteins are denatured more easily when they are | wet |
| one of the most reliable means of controlling the presence of microorganisms and their growth is | heat |
| thermal death point | lowest temperature at which all microorganisms are killed in 10 minutes |
| thermal death time | minimum time to kill all the bacteria at a given time |
| decimal reduction time | time to kill 90 % of microbes that are present |
| dry heat | higher temperatures can be achieved than boiling or free flowing steam |
| incineration | organisms removed by burning |
| incineration is form of | sterilization |
| hot air | higher temperatures and higher exposure times needed when compared to moist heat |
| an example of the use of hot air is | hot air oven |
| hot air is better sometimes because it can | reach higher temperatures |
| moist heat is | more effective at denaturing proteins than dry heat |
| what is more effective at denaturing proteins than dry heat | moist heat |
| compared to dry heat moist heat uses | lower temperatures and shorter exposure times |
| usual exposure temperatures and times for moist heat are | 121 degrees celsius for 15 minutes |
| which process uses lower temperatures and shorter exposure times | moist heat |
| boiling is what process | disinfection |
| water boils at what temperature | 100 degrees celsius |
| how long do you need to boil things to kill vegetative bacteria most viruses and fungi | 10 minutes |
| free flowing steam is | steam not under pressure |
| free flowing steam can be used to both | disinfect or sterilize |
| free flowing steam is usually used for | disinfection |
| when and how is free flowing steam used to sterilize | fractional sterilization which is a 3 day process |
| 3 day process to kill both vegetative bacteria and endospores that germinate. 30 minute exposure time. about as effective as boiling since near the same temperature of 100 degrees celsius | fractional sterilization |
| steam under pressure | autoclave pressure cooker |
| autoclave is | higher pressure and higher temperatures |
| autoclave pressure and temperature | 15 psi and 121 degrees celsius |
| steam under pressure uses a shorter | exposure time |
| autoclave time | 15 minutes |
| autoclave is used for | sterilization |
| steam under pressure gets rid of all | microbes |
| cold is an | antisepsis technique |
| cold | inhibits growth but does not kill all vegetative cells or endospores |
| 2 broad categories of chemicals | cide and static |
| cide = | kill |
| static = | inhibit growth |
| germicide | destroys microorganisms |
| bactericide | destroys bacteria |
| fungicide | kills fungi and spores yeasts and molds |
| virucide viricide | destructive to viruses |
| insecticide | kills insects |
| larvicide | kills insect larva |
| fumigation | spraying chemicals or vapors into the air to kill insects or small animals |
| fumigant | is the fumigation agent |
| factors influencing the action of disinfectants | concentration type microbial load contact time temperature |
| concentration of the disinfectant is | a factor that influences the action of disinfectants |
| the type nature of the material to be disinfected is | a factor that influences the action of disinfectants |
| the microbial load classification is | a factor that influences the action of disinfectants |
| the contact time of disinfectant is | a factor that influences the action of disinfectants |
| the temperature of disinfectant during exposure is | a factor that influences the action of disinfectants |
| stronger concentration of a disinfectant is not always | better |
| the longer the contact time of a disinfectant | the greater the kill |
| what compounds are forbidden to be used in the mortuary | arsenic |
| arsenic compounds are forbidden to be used | in the mortuary |
| arsenic | AS |
| ultraviolet UV light | inhibits growth by damaging genetic material |
| direct UV light | will kill microorganisms |
| desirable qualities of an ideal disinfectant | low toxicity to body tissues effective in the presence of organic matter stability / shelf life high penetrating power inexpensive |
| which quality should be least important when looking at the qualities of an ideal disinfectant | cost |
| when looking at qualities of an ideal disinfectant a main goal is | to not have to use more than gloves |
| disinfectants suitable for mortuary procedures | halogens alcohols aldehydes phenolic compounds quaternary ammonium compounds |
| types of halogens suitable for mortuary procedures | hypochlorites aka bleaches iodophores |
| types of alcohols suitable for mortuary procedures | ethyl alcohol aka grain alcohol isopropyl alcohol aka rubbing alcohol |
| types of aldehydes suitable for mortuary procedures | formalin aka formaldehyde solution glutaraldehyde dialdehyde aka cidex |
| types of phenolic compounds suitable for mortuary procedures | phenol aka carbolic acid cresol aka lysol hexachlorophene aka phisoderm |
| types of quaternary ammonium compounds suitable for mortuary procedures | benzalkonium chloride aka BAC zephiran chloride |
| hypochlorites are | bleaches |
| sodium hypochlorite = | NaOCl |
| hypochlorite dilution | 1:10 |
| 1:10 dilution | hypochlorites |
| hypochlorites are effective for | disinfecting and cleaning |
| hypochlorites can be | irritating to skin and mucous membranes |
| what is lethal if combined with ammonia | hypochlorites |
| ammonia = | NH3 |
| lethal is combined with formaldehyde | hypochlorites |
| formaldehyde = | HCHO |
| iodophores are | consisting of iodine |
| iodine = | I |
| iodophores are used for which process | disinfection |
| a form of iodine that is an antiseptic | tincture of iodine |
| alcohols are used for what process | disinfection |
| alcohols are most effective in what solution | 70 % aqueous solution |
| a negative to alcohols | volatile may evaporate before germicidal effect occurs |
| aldehydes react with | proteins |
| formalin is | aqueous formaldehyde solution |
| aldehyde that is a known human carcinogen | formalin |
| cidex | glutaraldehyde or dialdehyde |
| glutaraldehyde | cold chemical sterilant |
| phenolic compounds are | coal tar derivatives |
| phenol aka | carbolic acid |
| cresol aka | lysol |
| hexachlorophene aka | phisoderm |
| quaternary ammonium compounds are used as | disinfectants and antiseptics |
| with quaternary ammonium compounds what increases strength | increased time |
| quaternary ammonium compounds like benzalkonium chloride and zephiran chloride are neutralized in | hard water |
| phenol coefficient test | the standard by which all disinfectants are measured |
| if disinfectant is as effective as phenol the phenol coefficient number is | 1 |
| is disinfectant is more effective that phenol the phenol coefficient number is | greater than 1 a multiple of 1 |
| if disinfectant is less effective than phenol the phenol coefficient number is | less than 1 a fraction of 1 |
| phenol coefficient number abbreviation | pc |
Created by:
BettyOlson667