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Psychology AO1
Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sensation | Is the process by which our sense organs and receptors detect and respond to sensory information that stimulates them |
| Stimuli | Are external information that provokes a physiological or psychological activity or responce |
| Sensory Receptors | our eyes, tongue and other sense organs that receive and process sensory information |
| Reception | The process of detecting and responding to incoming sensory infomation |
| Receptive Field | The area of space in which a receptor can respond to a stimulus |
| Transduction | Process by which the receptors change the energy of the detected sensory information into a form which can travel along neural pathways to the brain |
| Transmission | the process of sending the sensory information to relevant areas if the brain via the Thalamus |
| Perception | Process by which we give meaning to sensory information |
| Interpretation | Process in which incoming sensory information is given meaning so that it can be understood |
| Visual Sensory System | Consists of the complete network of physiological structures involved in vision |
| Depth Cues | Sources of information from the environment (external cues) or from within our bodies (internal cues) that help us to perceive how far objects are and therefore to perceive depth |
| Depth Perception | is the ability to estimate the distance of objects and therefore perceive the world in three dimensions |
| Convergence | involves the two eyes turning inwards to focus on objects that are very close |
| Gestalt | "Unified whole", we see the whole object rather than separate parts |
| Closure | We close up, fill in, or ignore gaps and see the object as complete |
| Camouflage | Confuses figure ground and occurs when figure and ground cannot be easily separated but blend together |
| Figure Ground | The figure stands out against a less prominent ground |
| Similarity | we tend to see stimuli that are similar in size, shape, color, or form as a forming group, when similarity occurs an object can be emphasized if it is dissimilar to the others |
| Proximity | Stimuli that are positioned close together are seen as forming a group |
| Cornea | Transparent, convex shaped covering which protects the eye and helps to focus light rays onto the retina in the back of the eye |
| Lens | Located immediately behind the pupil which plays a major role in focussing light onto the retina |
| Pupil | An opening in the iris that helps to control the amount of light entering the eye |
| iris | The colored part of the eye consisting of a ring of muscles that expand or contract to the size of the pupil and control the amount of light entering the eye |
| Ciliary Muscle | |
| Retina | Layer of neural tissue at the back of the eye that receives and absorbs light, and processes images for transmission to the brain |
| Photoreceptors | |
| Rods | Photoreceptor in the eyes retina that responds to very low levels of light and is primarily for night vision |
| Cones | Photoreceptor in the retina of the eye that responds to high levels of light and is primarily responsible for night vision |
| Fovea/Macula | |
| Optic Nerve | Transmits visual information from the retina to the primary visual cortex |
| Blind Spot | A small area on the retina at the back of the eye where there are no photoreceptors so light cannot be detected |
| Visual Perception Principles | Are rules that we automatically apply to visual stimuli to assist, organising and interpreting it in consistent, reliable and meaningful ways, and is applied in the same way by all people |
Created by:
Chelsei
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