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UGS Pharmacology
Pharmacology of the Urogenital System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which drug is used for hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal syndrome? | Estrogen |
| Which drugs can be used for the treatment of osteoporosis? | Estrogen and Raloxifene |
| What are the uses of estrogen therapy? | Hormone replacement therapy, osteoporosis, heart attack prevention, oral contraceptives, prostate, breast and endometrial cancer, dysmenorrhea, infertility, acne, hirsutism, and primary hypogonadism |
| What are the antiestrogens? | Tamoxifene and Clomiphine citrate |
| What are the uses of antiestrogens? | Infertility and breast cancer |
| What is the use of raloxifene? | Osteoporosis |
| What are the aromatase inhibitors? | Nonselective aromatase inhibitors: Aminoglutithemide Selective: Anastrazole and Fadrozole |
| What are the uses of aromatase inhibitors? | Breast cancer |
| What are the uses of progesterone therapy? | OCP, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, endometrial, breast, and prostate cancer, abortion, maintaining pregnancy, and endometriosis |
| What are the anti-progestin drugs? | Mefipristone |
| What are the uses of anti-progestin drugs? | Abortifacient, induction of labor, progesterone dependent cancers, and Cushing's syndrome |
| What are the uses of Gossypol? | Male contraception |
| What are the uses of Ethinylestradiol, DES, and mestranol? | Morning-after, emergency pills |
| Which drugs are used in combined oral contraceptive pills? | Ethinylestradiol/Mestranol + Norgestrel Ethinylestradiol/Mestranol + Norethisterone |
| What are the side effects of estrogen therapy? | Postmenopausal uterine bleeding Nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, weight gain Salt and water retention Increased BP, thromboembolism, endometrial cancer, and teratogenicity |
| What are the side effects of progesterone therapy? | Depression, weight gain, and salt-water retention |
| What are the side effects of Mefipristone/Anti-progestin? | Delayed ovulation and bleeding |
| What are the side effects of Gossypol? | Interfering with fertility |
| What are the side effects of OCPs? | Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headaches, nervousness, depression Salt and water retention, increased BP, thromboembolism, MI, Vaginal yeast growth, amennorhea, infertility, atrophy of the hypothalamus |
| How is Raloxifene administered? | Orally |
| How is medroxyprogesterone/ Progesterone/Provera administered? | Intramuscularly or Subdermally |
| What are the contraindications of OCP use? | History of thromboembolism, severe headaches, severe nausea, vomiting, liver dysfunction, pregnancy, and abnormal menstrual cycles |
| Which drugs can interact with OCPs? | Ampicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and co-trimaxole |
| What is the effect on OCPs if they are administered with the drugs they interact with? | Their metabolism is decreased |
| Which drugs when con-administered with OCPs can increase their metabolism? | Phenobarbitone, phenytoin, ethosximide, rifampicin, and griseofulvin |
| What are the uses of PULSATILE GnRH administration? | Diagnosis, Deficiency, hypogonadism in males and females, ovulation, delayed puberty, amenorrhea, and crytorchidism |
| What is a possible cause of GnRH deficiency? | Kallman's syndrome |
| What are the uses of CONTINUOUS GnRH administration? | Cancer of the prostate and breast Endometriosis, IVF, precocious puberty, uterine fibroids, uterine leiomyomas, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) |
| What are the GnRH antagonists? | Ganirelix |
| What are the uses of GnRH antagonists? | IVF |
| What are the uses of hCG? | Infertility due to LH and FSH deficiency, IVF with menotropin, supress ovulation, and crytorchidism |
| What are the side effects of GnRH use? | Headache, abdominal pain, sweating, facial flushing, hot flashes, and osteoporosis |
| What are the side effects of hCG use? | Allergy, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple births, production of specific antibodies, precocious puberty, gynecomastia, and ovarian tumors |
| What are the clinical manifestations of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome? | Fever, abdominal pain, ovarian enlargement, ascites, pleural effusion, arterial thrombosis, hemoperitoneum, shock, and death |
| What are the drugs we use in GnRH treatment? | Leuprolide acetate, Triptorelin, Goserelin, Histrelin, Nafarelin, and Busereline |
| How is GnRH administered? | SC, IM, IV, Subdermal, intranasal, and Suppository Nafarelin is only administered Intranasal |
| How is Ganirelix/GnRH antagonist administered? | SC |
| How is hCG administered? | IM |
| Can GnRH be used for contraception? | No |
Created by:
Ulaisl
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