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SKULL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The skull is divided into what 2 groups? | 1) Cranial bones > 8 2) Facial bones > 14 |
| What is the inner layer of spongy bone separating two outer plates of compact tissue? | Diploe |
| What are sutures? | Fibrous joints that connect the bones of the skull. |
| The suture between the frontal and parietal bones? | Coronal Suture |
| The suture on top of the head between two parietal bones? | Sagittal Suture |
| What are the sutures between the temporal bone and parietal bones? | Squamosal suture |
| What is the suture between the occipital and parietal bones? | Lambdoidal Suture |
| What is the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures? | Bregma |
| What is the junction of the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures? | Lambda |
| Areas of incomplete ossification in infant skulls. | Fontanels "soft spots" |
| The cranial floor is divided into how many regions ? | 3 anterior cranial fossa middle cranial fossa posterior cranial fossa |
| What is the name of the typical skull? | Mesocephalic |
| What is the name of the skull that's short from front to back, broad from side to side, and shallow from vertex to base? | Brachycephalic |
| What is the name of the skull that is long from front to back, narrow from side to side and deep from vertex to base? | Dolichocephalic |
| What forms the forehead and the anterior part of the cranial vault? | Frontal Squama (part of the frontal bone) |
| List the frontal bone landmarks: | frontal eminences, supraorbital margins, supraciliary arches, supraorbital foramina, and the glabella |
| What bone consists of a horizontal plate, vertical plate and two light spongy masses(labyrinths) | Ethmoid bone |
| Horizontal portion of the ethmoid bone is called the? | cribiform plate |
| what contains numerous foramina for transmission of ol factory nerves? | cribiform plate |
| What is the conical projection at anterior midline of cribiform plate? | Crista Galli |
| what forms the superior portion of the bony nasal septum on the ethmoid bone? | Perpendicular Plate |
| What contains ethmoid sinuses or air cells? | Labyrinths |
| On the parietal bones what is the prominent bulge near the center of external surface of each bone? | Parietal Eminence |
| Irregular wedge shaped bone that vaguely resembles a bat? | Sphenoid bone |
| Sphenoid bone consists of ? | Body, two lesser wings, two greater wings and two pterygoid processes. |
| Deep depression on superior surface of body of the spheniod bone (houses pituitary gland) | Sella Turcica |
| Posterior border of sella? | Dorsum Sellae |
| Slanted area of bone posterior and inferior to dorsum, and supports the pons of the brain | Clivus |
| Opening into the apex of orbit for transmission of optic nerve and ophthalmic artery | Optic Canal |
| What bone articulates with each of the other seven bones of the cranium and the zygoma? | Sphenoid Bone |
| What bone is situated at the posterioinferior part of the cranium? | Occipital Bone |
| The occipital bone has 4 parts, what are they? | Squama, 2 occipital condyles, basilar portion |
| Large opening on the occipital bone through which the medulla oblongata passes as it exits the cranium. | Foramen Magnum |
| Prominent process on the squama also called the inion | external occipital protuberance |
| What projects anteriorly from each side of the squama and fuses at the basilar portion to complete foramen magnum | occipital condyles |
| What bone is situated on each side of the cranial base | Temporal Bones |
| What contains the organs for hearing and equilibrium and where are they found? | petromastoid portion located on temporal bones |
| Styloid and zygomatic process are found on the ? | temporal bones |
| What receives condyle of mandible to form temporomandibular joint? | Mandibular fossa |
| What bone holds the tympanic portion, styloid process and the petromastoid portion? | The temporal bones |
| Bones of the middle ear are referred to as : | Auditory Ossicles |
| List the 3 auditory aussicles: | HAMMER(malleus) ANVIL (Incus) and STIRRUP(Stapes) |
| How many facial bones are there? | 14 |
| What are the two smallest bones in the skill? | The lacrimal bones |
| What is the largest most immovable bone of the face? (also forms 3/4 of the roof of your mouth) | Maxillary bone |
| Located under each orbit for passage of infraorbital nerve and artery. | Infraorbital foramen |
| Where is the acanthion located ? | Right below the nose |
| What bone forms the prominence of the cheeks? | Zygomatic bones |
| 2 L -shaped bones composed of vertical and horizontal plates | Palatine Bone |
| Long narrow, very thin bones with a lateral curl, (gives scroll like appearance) | inferior nasal conchae |
| Upper 2 nasal conchae are processes of : | The ethmoid bone. |
| Thin plate of bone situated in MSP of floor of nasal cavity(forms inferior nasal septum): | Vomer |
| What is the largest and densest bone f the face? | Mandible |
| Junction of body and ramus | Angle of mandible ( also called gonion) |
| Where right and left halves of mandible fuse | Symphysis |
| Consists of spongy bone that supports roots of teeth | Alveolar process |
| Small openings on each side that transmit nerves and blood vessels | Mental foramina |
| Posterior portion on top of ramus that helps form TMJ | Condylar process |
| Small U - Shaped bone situated at the base of the tongue (ONLY BONE THAT DOES NOT ARTICULATE WITH ANOTHER BONE) | Hyoid Bone |
| Each orbit consists of how many bones? | 7 |
| What bones does each orbit consist of? | frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, maxilla, zygoma, lacrimal, and palatine |
| Air filled cavities located in the frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones | Paranasal Sinuses |
| What are the functions of paranasal sinuses? | serve as a resonating chamber for the voice, decrease weight of the skull, aid in warming and moisturizing inhaled air, act as shock absorbers in trauma, possibly control the immune system |
| what sinuses are developed enough to be demonstrated at birth? | Maxillary(largest and most symmetric) |
| second largest sinuses | frontal sinuses |
| what sinuses are occasionally absent? | Frontal |
| What sinuses are located within the lateral masses of labyrinths | Ethmoid sunuses |
| From outer canthus to EAM | Orbitomeatal line |
| Infraorbitomeatal Line | from infraprbital margin to EAM |
| From glabella to EAM | Glabellomeatal line |
| Interpupillary Line | Line between pupils of eyes |
| Acanthiomeatal line | From acanthion to EAM |
| Mentomeatal line | Mental point to EAM |
| Hyposthenic patients and asthenic patients may need support at chest for what reason? | To help prevent downward tilt of MSP to get a true lateral position |
| Hypersthenic patients may require support at head for what reason? | To help prevent upward tilt of MSP to get a true lateral |
Created by:
Kelsey.w21
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