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SFHS Phy Sci Final
Crovato/Richerson
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An ambulance siren sounds different as it approaches you then when it moves away from you. What scientific term would you use to explain how this happen? | doppler effect |
| What does the prefix kilo- mean? | 1000 |
| An object that is accelerating may be : a. speeding up b. slowing down | slowing down |
| When opposite poles of two magnets are brought together, the poles: a. attract b. repel | attract |
| The force that keeps an object moving in a circle is called __________ _______ | centripetal force |
| What is the unit of work? | Joule |
| What's the SI unit of power? | watt |
| What's the SI unit of force? | newton |
| What type of friction occurs as a fish swims through water? | fluid friction |
| Your weight equals your ______________________________ | mass times the acceleration due to gravity |
| Energy of motion is called __________ ___________ | kinetic energy |
| What does the law of conservation of energy state? | energy can be converted from one form to another but energy cannot be created and cannot be destroyed |
| What is a drawback of solar energy? | it depends on the climate |
| What is a unit of temperature? | Celsius |
| How does energy from the sun reach the Earth? | radiation |
| What material conducts heat well? | metal |
| What do electric forces between charges depend on? | quantity of charge involved & how far apart the charges are |
| What happens if an atom gains electrons? | it becomes negatively charged |
| Walking on carpet is an example of charge being transferred by ____ | induction |
| What type of current is produced by a battery? | direct current |
| What 3 things affects resistance? | thickness, length, & temperature |
| What type of current is found in your school? | alternating current |
| What are 3 things that provide electrical safety? | 1)circuit breaker 2) fuse 3) ground-fault circuit interrupter |
| When a surfer rides an ocean wave on her surfboard, she is actually riding on a _______________________ | crest that's toppling over |
| What is speed? | speed is the ratio of the distance an object moves to the amount of time needed to travel the distance |
| What type of speed is measured at a particular instant? | instantaneous speed |
| The slope of a line on a distance-time graph is______ | speed |
| What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph represent? | the object is moving at a constant speed |
| What is the rate at which velocity changes? | acceleration |
| The following example identifies a change in motion that produces _______: Example: a ball moving at a constant speed around a circular track | acceleration |
| A machine is a device that can multiply _________ | force |
| An ax is an example of a _________ | wedge |
| What does the power of a machine measure? | its rate of doing work |
| The gravitational force between two objects increases as mass ____ or distance decreases. | increases |
| In order for work to be done, it must produce ________ across a distance | movement |
| How many watts are in1 horsepower motor? | 750-W |
| Work is a transfer of ____ | energy |
| What's an example of a compound machine? | bicycle |
| What's the SI unit for pressure? | pascal |
| Why is the efficiency of a machine always less than 100 percent? | some work input is lost to friction |
| The property of matter that resists change in motion is called ________ | inertia |
| Which of the universal forces is the weakest? | gravitational |
| What does Newton's third law of motion describe? | action and reaction forces |
| Matter is needed to transfer thermal energy by _______ & _________ | conduction and convection |
| What are 3 things the first law of thermodynamics applys to? | 1) heating objects 2) transferring thermal energy 3) doing work on a system |
| What causes projectile motion? | the downward force of gravity and initial forward velocity |
| What force is responsible for the repulsion between 2 positively charged particles? | electric |
| According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on the object divided by the object's _______. | mass |
| A train approaching a crossing changes speed from 25 m/s to 10 m/s in 240 s. How can the train's acceleration be described? | The train's acceleration is negative |
| An open parachute increases air resistance of a falling sky diver by increasing the ___________ | surface area |
| What universal force acts only on the protons and neutrons in a nucleus? | strong nuclear |
| An orange might roll off your cafeteria tray when you stop suddenly because of the orange's _____ | inertia |
| What happens when an unbalanced force acts on an object? | the object accelerates |
| The product of an object's mass and velocity is its _______ | momentum |
| What does the strength of an electric field depend on? | 1)amount of charge that produced the field 2) distance from the charge |
| What is Ohm's law? | V= I x R |
| What is the unit of electric power? | watt |
| List 3 examples of objects with elastic potential energy? | 1) a wind up toy that has been wound up 2) a compressed basketball 3)a stretched rubber band |
| The energy stored in gasoline is what type of energy? | chemical energy |
| Walking converts what type of energy into mechanical energy? | chemical |
| What does thermal energy depend on? | 1)mass 2) phase (solid, liquid, gas) 3) temperature |
| Nuclear power plants are designed to convert nuclear energy into what type of energy? | electrical |
| Solar cells convert what type of energy into electrical energy? | electromagnetic |
| What does a calorimeter directly measure: | temperature change |
| As the temperature of an object rises, so the the ___________ | thermal energy |
| What is biomass energy? | the chemical energy stored in living things |
| Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of the difference in __________ | temperature |
| The pitch of a sound is most closely related to the ______________ | frequency of vibrations |
| The frequency of a sound wave determines the ______ of the sound | pitch |
| A mechanical wave requires a medium. What can that medium be? | a solid, liquid, or gas |
| ________ refers to an effect in which the vibration of one object causes another object to vibrate at natural frequencies. | resonance |
| Sound travels fastest in _____ | water |
| When a sound wave strikes your eardrum, it causes forced vibrations that are transferred to the _____, ____, and ____ | hammer, anvil, stirrup |
| The structure within the cochlea containing hair cells that vibrate at different natural frequencies is the _____________ | basilar membrane |
| How does a sonar system measures the distance? | by determining the time it takes for sound waves to bounce off a surface |
| How does an ultrasound produce images of body structures? | because sound waves travel at different speeds through materials of different densities |
| Transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves all need a source of _______ to produce it. | energy |
| How do transverse and longitudinal waves both transfer energy? | through a medium |
| What type of charges attract each other? | opposite charges attract |
| What type of waves are sound waves? | longitudinal waves |
| Sound waves require a _____ | medium |
| A disturbance sends ripples across water in a tub. These ripples are an example of a _______ _______ | surface wave |
| What type of electromagnetic wave has the greatest wave length? | radio waves |
| A piano, violin, or guitar uses the resonance of a wooden soundboard to ________ the sound. | amplify |
| Objects in free fall near the surface of the Earth experience _________ | constant acceleration |
Created by:
dcrovato
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