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Psychology
Research Methods
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| refers to how consistent the findings from a study or measuring device are | Reliability |
| a method of assessing the reliability of a questionnaire or psychological test by assessing the same person on two separate occasions | test re-test reliability |
| the extent to which there is agreement between two observers involved in observations of behavior | inter-observer reliability |
| the extent to which an observed effect is genuine | validity |
| a basic form of validity where a test is scrutinized to see if it appears to measure what it is supposed to measure | Face validity |
| the extent to which a psychological measure relates to an existing similar measure | concurrent validity |
| the extent to which findings from research can be generalized into different settings or situations | ecological validity |
| the extent to which findings from a research study can be generalized to different historical times and eras. | temporal validity |
| the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis (false positive) | type 1 error |
| the failure to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative) | type 2 error |
| a statistical term used to tell us how sure we are that a difference or correlation exists. | significance |
| used when the hypothesis is directional | 1 tailed test |
| used when the hypothesis is non directional | 2 tailed test |
| the usual level of significance in psychology | 0.05 (5%) |
| data which uses named catagories e.g. boys and girls | Nominal |
| data which uses ratings scales to put things in order e.g. 1st 5 th and 6th place | ordinal |
| data which uses ratings scales with an equal differance between each meauser | Interval |
| A test of differance which uses nominal data and an unrelated design | Chi Squared |
| A test of difference which uses nominal data and a related design | sign test |
| a test of differance which uses ordinal data and an unrelated design | Mann Whitney |
| A test of difference which uses ordinal data and a related design | Wilcoxon |
| A test of difference which uses interval data and an unrelated design | Unrelated t test |
| a test of diiference which uses interval data and a relates design | related t test |
| a test of correlation which uses nominal data | chi squared (cor) |
| A test of correlation which uses ordinal data | spearmans rho |
| A test of correlation which uses interval data | Pearson's r |
| the 4 important features of science | objectivity, the empirical method, falsifiability and replicability |
| the meaning of objectivity | when all sourced of personal bias are minimised so as not to distort the research process |
| the meaning of the empirical method | scientific approaches which are based on the gathering of evidence through observation and experience |
| the meaning of falsifiability | the principle that a scientific theory cannot be accepted unless it acknowledges a possibility of being proved false |
| the meaning of replicability | the extent to which scientific procedures and findings can be repeated by others |
Created by:
Madz99
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