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PT Care test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Active exercise | without any manual or mechanical assistance |
| Active resistive exercise | against any maanual or mechanical resistance |
| Capsular patterrn | indictes that a problem exists within that joint |
| Eccentric contraction | lengthenin of a muscle as i develops tension and contracts to control motion-decelerates movement |
| Hypertrophy | an incease in in cross-sectional size of a fiber cell |
| isokinetic exercise | a form of active resistive exercise |
| passive exercise | exerciseperformed on a person by manual or mechanical means; no voluntary muscle contraction occurs |
| PNF | treatment that uses varous stimuli to affect the muscle or joint proprioceptors to facilltate or alter movement responses |
| Soft tissues | tissues that lack bony or skeletal components; muscle, ligament, joint capsle, tendon,skin, and fascia |
| passive exercise | preserves and maintins rangeof motion; minimizes contracture formation; minimizes adhesion formation; maintains mechanical elasticity of muscle; promotes and maintains loca circulation; promotes awareness of joint motion; evaluates joint integrity and mot |
| factors associated with selection of a wheelchair tpe and components | disability;age,size, stature and weight;expected use;permanence;mental; prognosis |
| wheelchair type for hemiplegic | seat is lowered 2" |
| wheelchair type for amputee | rear wheel axles are positioned approximately 2 inches posterior (increase BOS) |
| seat height | measur from heel to popliteal fold add 2" for clearance of foot rest |
| seat depth | measure post buttock to popliteal fold subtract 2 inches - void pressure from edge of seat |
| seat width | measure widest aspect of butts, hips, or thighs and add 2" |
| back height | measure from seat of chair to floor of axila shouler flexed to 90 degrees, subtracht 4" ensure seat cushion is in place |
| armrest height | measure from seat to the chair to the olecranon process with user elbow flexed to 90 degrees, add 1". use seat cushion |
| value of proper body mechanics | coserve energy,redusce strain on soft tissue,balance,efficient respiratory |
| mechanical advantage | length of force arm is increased - resistance is decreased |
| Restraint (drug) | medication used to control behavior |
| Restrain (physical) | method - manual - physical - echanical that restricts freedom of movement |
| supine prominences | occiput, spine of scapula, inferior angle of scapula, spinous process, posterior illiac crest, sacrum, medial epicondyle of humerus;heel,g. trocanter,head of fibula, ankles, |
| prone | forehead,ear,acromion,sternum,iliac spine,humeral head,patella,tibia ridge,foot dorsum |
| side-lye | ear,ribs,acromion,humerus,m. epicondyle hum,g. trocant,m. lat femur e. condyles, ankle of fib and tib |
| supine contractures | hip and knee flexors, ankle plantar flexors, should extensors,add,and int rotators,hip ext rotators |
| prone contractures | ankle plantar flexors, shoulder INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ROT, extensors,adductors, neck rotators, |
| side lying | hip and knee flexors, hip adductors and internal rotators, shoulder adductors iand internal rotators |
| sitting contractures | hip and knee flexors, hip adductors and internal rotators, shoulder adductors, extensors, and internal rotators |
| precautions for pt positioning | folds beneath pt,skin color,pressure,support,mental status |
| Transfermoral amputation | avoid hip ab,recomend hip extention, periodic prone position |
| transtibial amputation | avoid elevation of RL, maintain knee in ext |
| hemiplegia position | avoid shoulder add,int rot;,elb flex,forearm sup or pron, wrist,finger or thumb flex, and thumb add |
| hemiplegia position | upper extremity shoud be positioned in varying amounts of shoulder abduct,ext,ext rot, |
| draping | modesty,body temp,access,protect clothing |
| autolysis | disintegration of cells or tissues by the enzymes of the body |
| chest physical therapy (CPT) | gravity-assisted bronchial drainage |
| debridement | removal of devitalized tissues from or adjacent to a traumatic or infected lesion to expose healthy tissue. |
| epithelialization | healing by the growth of epithelium over a denuded surface |
| erythema | redness of skin caused by congestion of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin |
| eschar | dry scab;devitalized tissue |
| exudate | fluid with a high composition of protein and cellular debris that has escaped from bllod vessels and is deposited in tissues or on tissue surface |
| granulation | any granular material on the surface of a tissue, membrane, or organ |
| induration | quality of being hard; abnormal firmness of tissue with a definite margin |
| lymphedema | functional overload of the lymphatic system in which lymph volume exceeds transport capabilities resulting in obstructed lymph flow |
| maceration | softening of a solid or tissue by soaking |
| necrosis | cell death |
| slough | mass of dead tissu, cast out from living tissue |
| sterile | aseptic, no microorganisms |
| ulcer | proudced by sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue |
| Goal of wound care and management | protect from trauma,reduce strain,reduce pathogeic microrg,expedite healing,decrease scar tissue |
| Wound mgment stage 1 | red does not blanch when pressure is appliedrelieve pressure,keep clean,avoid shear forces |
| Wound mgment stage II,III | granulation/nondraining - maintain moist wound bed - exudate at stage III |
| Wound mgment stage II,III | granulation/drainingexudate at stage III |
| Wound mgment stage IV | Necrotic/nondraining - remove dead tissue |
| Wound magment stage IV | Necrotic/draining - remove dead tissue |
| Wound mgment II III V stages | Infected wound,protect surrounding tissue, absorb exudate; contain infection |
| Debridement | Mechanically, chemically, or autolysis |
Created by:
donald_dino
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