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dental pharm 5

QuestionAnswer
quinolones Antimicrobial-cidal, interfere and destroy DNA, gram +/- microbes, urinary tract and lower resp. infections
Ciprofloxacin Cipro= quinolones
vancomycin Antimicrobial-cidal, cell wall inhibitor, given IV except when needed in GI (tx P.colitis)
Aminoglycosides The "Mycin" Family=antimicrobial-broad spectrum, cidal, interfere w/ cell wall synthesis; parenteral in hospital for serious gram (-) infections
streptomycin Aminoglycosides (mycin)- antimicrobial
gentomycin Aminoglycosides (mycin)- antimicrobial
Nystatin Antifungal- for candidiasis, c.albicans; macrolide from streptomyces; binds to sterols in fungal cell membrane=leakage; not absorbed through skin; soak prostheses in benzylconium chloride nightly
nystatin: oral suspension rinse 10,000 units/mL- 5mL for 2min 10-14d or 2 days once gone
nystatin: pastilles dissolve in mouth qid
nystatin: vaginal tablets no sugar, last longer
Imidazoles Antifungal-stronger, used for bad infections or immunocompromised pts, inhibit cell membrane function, more expensive
clotrimazole Mycelex= imidazole
ketoconozole Nizoral= imidazole
fluconazole Diflucan= imidazole
oseltamivir Tamiflu=antiviral
amantadine Symmetrel=antiviral
rimantidine Flumadine=antiviral
acyclovir Zovirax=antiviral-purine agent, gets phosphorylated in viral cells to triphosphate form and interferes in DNA replication. Used in immunocomp. pts in initial infections w/ HSV/VZV, no recurrent outbreaks, prophylactic
valacyclovir Valtrex=antiviral;prodrug=acyclovir. Used in immunocomp. pts in initial infections w/ HSV/VZV, no recurrent outbreaks, prophylactic
peniciclovir Denavir=antiviral. Guanine nucleoside inhibits DNA synthesis, shorten duration & extent of recurrent outbreaks, topical, ease cold sore pain used from prodromal stage.
famiciclovir Famvir-Prodrug=penciclovir, tx VZV lesions (antiviral)
Retrovirus tx tx w/ "cocktail" drug
NRTI-zidovudine AZT-inhibit enzyme that allows retrovirus to replicate DNA
NNRTI-Nevirapine Virumune (part of "cocktail" drug to tx retrovirus)
Protease I-Sanquinavir Portion of "cocktail" drug to tx retrovirus that interferes w/ already infected cells
Created by: kendall7
Popular Pharmacology sets

 

 



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