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Earth and sky terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Moon | Earth's only natural satellite |
| Planet | Object that orbits the sun |
| Number of planets in the solar system | Eight |
| Number of planets visible without a telescope | Five |
| How objects in the sky appear to move | Depends on the motion of the Earth. |
| Meteor | The bright streak of light produced when a small object burns up entering Earth’s atmosphere. |
| Comet | A cold mixture of dust and ice that gives up a long trail of light as it approaches the sun. Very rare - Rarer than meteors. |
| Stars | Inferred by scientists to be a giant ball of hot gas mainly composed of hydrogen and helium. |
| Constellation | A pattern or group of stars that people imagined to represent a figure, animal or object. |
| Zodiac | A narrow band in the sky where the planets appear to be. |
| Ecliptic | A path the Sun travels in the sky. Planets and the moon follow a similar line. |
| Axis | The imaginary line that passes through Earth’s center and the North and South poles. |
| Rotation | The spinning of Earth on its axis |
| Revolution | The movement of one object around another. |
| Orbit | Earth's path |
| Calendar | A system of organizing time that defines the beginning, length, and divisions of a year. |
| Solstices | The day when the sun appears farthest north of the equator once each year and farthest south once each year. |
| Equinox | "equal night”. Halfway between the solstices when neither hemisphere is tilted toward the sun. |
| Summer solstice | The day in when the sun appears farthest north. |
| Winter solstice | The day when the sun appears farthest south |
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