Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Intro to Psych Ch.10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Intelligence | Mental quality that consists of the abilities to learn from experience, adapt to new situations, understand and handle abstract concepts, and use knowledge to manipulate one's environment |
| G-factor theory | Spearman's theory that intelligence is a single general (g) factor made up of specific components |
| Multiple-factor theory of intelligence | Idea that intelligence consists of distinct dimensions and is not just a single factor |
| Triarchic theory of intelligence | Sternberg's three part model of intelligence, including analytic, creative, and practical intelligence |
| Mental age | the equivalent chronological age a child has reached based on his or her performance on an IQ test |
| Reliability | Consistency of a measurement, such as an intelligence test. |
| Validity | The degree to which a test accurately measures what it purports to measure, such as intelligence, and not something else, and the degree to which it predicts real world outcomes. |
| Test bias | Characteristic of a test that produces different outcomes for different groups. |
| Mental retardation | Significant limitations in intellectual functioning as well as in everyday adaptive behavior, which start before age 18. |
| Adaptive behavior | Adjustment to and coping with everyday life. |
| Down syndrome | A chromosomal disorder characterized by mild to profound mental retardation. |
| Prodigy | A young person who is extremely gifted and precocious in one area and at least average in intelligence. |
| Savant syndrome | A very rare condition in which people with serious mental handicaps also show isolated areas of ability or brilliance. |
| Mental set | A tendency to continue to use problem solving strategies that have worked in the past, even if better solutions are available. |
| Thinking outside the box | Approach to problem solving that requires breaking free of self-imposed conceptual constraints and thinking about a problem differently in order to solve it. |
| Functional fixedness | Mind set in which one is blind to usual uses of common everyday things or procedures EX: 2 string problem |
| Genius | High intelligence combined with creative accomplishments that have a tremendous impact |
| Creativity | Thinking and or behavior that is both novel- original and useful- adaptive - Requires someone at sometime sees real value and usefulness in the creative accomplishment |
| Originality | the quality or state of being original. ability to think or express oneself in an independent and individual manner |
| Intelligence as One General Ability | Spearman, Cattle - horn- Carroll, Sternberg |
| Intelligence as Multiple Abilities | Thurstone and Gardener |
| Alfred Binet | Created the first IQ test, early 1900's 3 questions increasing in difficulty Determined their mental age |
| Modern Measures of Intelligence | Kaufman- assessment battery for children (K- ABC) Guided by theories of intelligence Included different kinds of problems ranging in difficulty Measured different aspects of intelligence Assessed different types of learning styles |
| Are IQ Tests Biased? | No but they can be unfair |
| Causes of Mental Retardation | Chromosomal (genetic abnormalities such as Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome), prenatal abnormalities (Fetal alcohol syndrome), and environmental deprivation |
| Giftedness | An intellectual ability significantly higher than average |
| The Nature and Nurture of Human Intelligence | More nature than nurture 50% nature 40% nurture 10% unknown |
| Gender and Intelligence | There is not a huge difference between the intelligence of genders |
| Types of Problems | Convergent thinking problem Divergent thinking problem |
| Algorithms | Step- by- step procedure or formula for solving a problem |
| Fixation | Inability to breakout of a particular mind sent in order to think about a problem from fresh perspective |
| Stages of Creative Problem Solving | Preparation, Incubation, Insight, Elaboration-- Verification |
| Genius, Intelligence, and Creativity | Having an IQ of 130- 140 puts you in the top 1% -- does not mean you will produce creative works of lasting influence |
| Creativity and the Brain | Creative insight increases frontal lobe creativity -- insights occur in the right hemisphere rather than the left |
| Convergent thinking problem | Problems that have known solutions and require analytic thinking and the use of learning strategies and knowledge to come up with the correct answer EX: College entrance exams |
| Divergent thinking problem | Problems that have no known solutions and require novel solutions EX: Snoring roommate |
| Eureka insight or insight solution | Sudden solutions that come to the mind in a flash |
| De Mestral (velcro) | Thinking outside the box |
| Thinking outside the box | approach to problem solving that requires breaking free of self- imposed conceptual constraints and thinking about a problem differently in order to solve it EX: 9 dot problem |
| Preparation | Discovering and defining the problem and then attempting to solve it |
| Incubation | Putting the problem aside for awhile and working on something else |
| Insight | Eureka Insight |
| Elaboration-- Verification | The solution needs to be confirmed |
| Frontal lobe | Abstract reasoning planning focused working memory integrating sensory input |
| IQ equation | Mental age / Chronicle age x 100 |
| Nature | Intelligence you're born with |
| Nurture | Intelligence you learn |
| Ethnicity and intelligence | There are different groups, intelligence is culturally different between groups |
| Fluid intelligence | Raw mental ability, pattern recognition, abstract reasoning that can be applied to a problem one has never confronted before |
| Crystallized intelligence | the kind of knowledge that one gains from experience and learning, education, and practice |
| Test Fairness | Judgment about how test results are applied to different groups based on values and philosophical inclinations. |
| 70- 150 | Average IQ test |
| 150 - higher | Above average |
| below - 70 | Mental retardation |
| Binet | first IQ test |
Created by:
kristaj
Popular Psychology sets