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Car/Pul Unit 7
SPC Cardiopulmonary Physiology Unit 7 Exam 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where is the anatomical location of the kidneys? | 1. Bean-shaped organs lying behind the peritoneal cavity, below the diaphragm 2. Cephaled poles @T-12 Caudal poles @L-3 3. Right kidney lower than left due to liver above it. 4. Retroperitoneal (posterior to peritoneum) |
| What is contained in the gross anatomy of the kidney? | 1. Adrenal Glands: Hormones 2. Renal Artery: Arterial blood from aorta 3. Renal Vein: Venous blood to the IVC 4. Ureters: Urine to the peepee 5. Bladder |
| Component structures of the kidneys? | 1. Cortex 2. Medulla 3. Renal Pyramids 4. Papillary Ducts 5. Major & Minor Calyces 5. Renal Pelvis |
| Major vessels that compose the renal vascular system? | 1. Interlobular Arteries & Veins 2. Arcuate Artery & Vein 3. Afferent Arteriole 4. Efferent Arteriole 5. Renal Artery & Vein 7. Interlobar Artery & Vein |
| Define Nephron? | 1. The functional unit of the kidney 2. Analogous to the acinus |
| Define Glomerulus? | A network of up to 50 parallel capillaries branching from the afferent arterioles. |
| Define Bowman's Capsule? | The C-shaped expanded end of the renal tubule which encases the glomerulus. Function to filter the urine |
| Component structures of the Nephron? | 1. Glomerulus 2. Bowman's Capsule 3. Proximal Tubule 4. Loop of Henle 5. Distal Tubule 6. Collecting Duct |
| What are the 2 capillary beds of the nephron? | 1. Glomerular 2. Peritubular |
| The function of the Glomerulus? | 1. Ultrafilter for the blood 2. Mean Pressure 55mmHg |
| The function of the Peritubular Capillary System? | 1. Tubular Secretion 2. Tubular Reabsorption |
| What are the 3 primary processes of the nephron? | 1. Glomerular Filtration 2. Tubular Secretion 3. Tubular Reabsoption |
| Normal Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) | 125 ml/min |
| Normal Urine Output? | 60ml/hr or 1ml/min |
| Glomerular Blood Pressure? | +55mmHg |
| Bowman Capsule Fluid Pressure? | -15mmHg |
| Osmotic Pressure? | -30mmHg |
| Net Filtration Pressure? | +10mmHg |
| GFR of Afferent Arteriole? | Constriction- Decreases GFR Dilatation- Increases GFR |
| GFR of Efferent Arteriole? | Constriction- Increases GFR Dilatation- Decreases GFR |
| Describe mechanism of reabsorption in the renal tubules? | Into the peritubular capillaries out of the tubules 1. Glucose 2. Sodium 3. Calcium 4. Amino Acids |
| Describe mechanism of secretion in the renal tubules? | Out of the peritubular capillaries into the tubules 1. Creatinine |
| What is Osmosis? Water transport in the tubular system? | 1. 80% of water reabsorption occurs in the proximal tubule via osmosis 2. Na, Cl, & Glucose exert a very strong osmotic influence |
| What is Transport Maximum? | The maximum rate for a transport for a substance that is SECRETED or REABSORBED via ACTIVE TRANSPORT. (TM) |
| Transport Maximum of Glucose? | 320mg/min |
| Transport Maximum of Creatinine? | 16mg/min |
| What does B.U.N. stand for? | Blood Urea Nitrogen |
| Tubular secretion of Blood Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine? | 1. Are waste products in the body and are efficiently secreted by the kidney. 2. Creatinine is the most sensitive index of renal function. |
| Clinical Application of B.U.N.? | 8-18mg/dl |
| Clinical Application of Creatinine? | 0.6-1.2mg/dl |
| What is significant of Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)? | 1. Secreted from the posterior pituitary gland 2. Influenced by Serum Osmolarity 3. Increased Osmolarity triggers release of ADH which DECREASES urine output w/ result in water retention. |
Created by:
Langhout1418
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